[Footnote 396:  The great mountain range to which this name was given by the ancient geographers commences according to Strabo (p. 651) on the south-east coast of Lycia.  The name Taurus was not very exactly defined, but it comprehended the mountain region which runs eastward from the point above mentioned in a general parallel direction to the south coast of Asia Minor; and the name was extended to the high lands of Armenia east of the Euphrates.  Its eastern limit was very vaguely conceived, as we may collect from Strabo (p. 519).]

[Footnote 397:  This is the Greek word which I have sometimes kept.  Plutarch means the soldiers of the Roman legion.]

[Footnote 398:  This termination Certa or Cirta is common to many Asiatic towns (See chapter 21).  It is probably the same termination as in the Persian Parsagarda; and signified town or inclosure.  The site of Tigranocerta is not certain.  There appears to be no reason for identifying it with Sert except the resemblance of name.  St. Martin contends that Amida on the east bank of the Tigris, occupied the site of Tigranocerta.  The modern Diyarbeker is on the west bank of the Tigris opposite to Amida. (London Geog.  Journal, viii. 77).  Appian (Mithridat.  War, c. 84) speaks of the foundation of Tigranocerta.]

[Footnote 399:  The Adiabeni occupied a tract that was apparently a part of the old Assyria on the east side of the Tigris.  The element diab perhaps exists in the Zab, one of the rivers which flow in the Tigris.]

[Footnote 400:  The same name occurs in the Life of Sulla, c. 15.  See Life of Alexander, c. 59, note.]

[Footnote 401:  This is the river now generally called the Aras, which flows into the Caspian on the south-west side.  Before it enters the sea, it is joined by the Cyrus, now the Cur.]

[Footnote 402:  See the Life of Sertorius, c. 3.  The rout of this large army of Tigranes is described by Appian (Mithridat.  War, c. 85).  The day was the 6th of October, and the year B.C. 69.  The loss that is reported in some of these ancient battles seems hardly credible; but it is explained here.  There was in fact no battle:  the enemy were struck with a panic and fled.  An immense multitude if seized with alarm requires no enemy to kill them.  The loss of life that may occur in a frightened crowd is enormous.]

[Footnote 403:  See chapter 42.]

[Footnote 404:  See Life of Sulla, c. 26, Notes.]

[Footnote 405:  This part of Livius is lost; but it belonged to the ninety-eighth book, as we see from the Epitome.]

[Footnote 406:  The capture is described by Appian (Mithridat.  War, c, 86), and by Dion Cassius (35, c. 2).]

[Footnote 407:  Compare Appian, c. 87, and Dion Cassius (35, c. 3).  Sallustius in the fourth book of his History has given a long letter, which we may presume to be his own composition, from Mithridates to Arsakes, this Parthian king, in which he urges him to fight against the Romans. (Fragmenta Hist. ed.  Corte.)]