[Footnote 112:  The return of Metellus was mainly due to the exertions of his son, who thence obtained the name of Pius.  He was restored B.C. 99 by an enactment (lex) which was necessary in order to do away with the effect of the Interdict.  Cicero was restored in like manner.  One Publius Furius, a tribune, the son of a man who had once been a slave, successfully opposed the return of Metellus during his year of office.  In the next year Furius was out of office, and Caius Canuleius, a tribune, prosecuted him for his conduct before the people (populi judicium), who had not patience enough to listen to his defence; they tore him in pieces in the Forum.  Metellus was detained a whole day at the gates of Rome with receiving the congratulations of his friends on his return. (Appian, Civil Wars, i. 33.)]

[Footnote 113:  See the Life of Sulla.]

[Footnote 114:  The Social, called also the Marsic, war, from the warlike nation of the Marsi who were active in it, commenced B.C. 31 and was not completely ended till B.C. 88.  The immediate cause of the Social war, or the war of the Italian Allies (Socii) of the Romans, was the rejection of a measure proposed by the tribune M. Livius Drusus, which was to give to the Italian allies the rights of Roman citizens.  The Allies were subject States of Rome, which supplied the Romans with men and money for their wars and contributed to their victories.  They claimed to have the political rights of Romans as a compensation for their burdens; and they succeeded in the end.  The war was at first unfavourable to the Romans.  In the consulship of L. Julius Caesar, B.C. 90, a Lex Julia was proposed which gave the Roman citizenship to all the Italians who had continued faithful to Rome, if they chose to accept it.  A Lex Plautia Papiria of the following year extended the Lex Julia and gave the Roman citizenship to all the allies except the Samnites and Lucanians.  Sulla finished the war. (See Life of Sulla.)]

[Footnote 115:  The MSS. of Plutarch vary in this name.  His true name was Pompaedius Silo:  he was the leader of the Marsi.  He fell in battle against Metellus Pius.]

[Footnote 116:  Publius Sulpicius Rufus was tribune B.C. 88 in the first consulship of Sulla.  Cicero had heard many of the speeches of Sulpicius.  “He was,” says Cicero, “of all the orators that ever I heard, the most dignified, and if one may use the expression, the most tragic:  his voice was powerful, sweet, and clear; his gesture and every movement graceful; and yet he seemed as if he were trained for the Forum and not for the stage; his language was rapid and flowery, and yet not redundant or diffuse.” (Brutus, c. 55.) Yet this great orator was no writer, and Cicero had heard him say that he was not accustomed to write and could not write.  The fact of his inability to write is sufficiently explained by the fact that he did not try.  Cicero has made Sulpicius one of the speakers in his Book on the Orator, where (iii. 3) he admits that he was a rash man. (See Penny Cyclopaedia, “P.  Sulpicius Rufus,” by the author of this note; and as to his end, see Sulla, c. 10.)]