one of hastening the progress of events.  Unaccustomed as they were to weigh diplomatic difficulties, they saw the advantages but not the perils of a daring course.  Meanwhile Napoleon threatened to occupy Piacenza with 30,000 men on the first forward step of Garibaldi, who, on his side, seemed by no means inclined to yield either to the orders of the Dictator Farini, or to the somewhat violent measures taken to stop him by General Fanti, who instructed the officers under his command to disobey him.  It was then that Victor Emmanuel tried his personal influence, rarely tried without success, over the revolutionary chief, who reposed absolute faith in the King’s patriotism, and who was therefore amenable to his arguments when all others failed.  The general was summoned to Turin, and in an audience given on the 16th of November, Victor Emmanuel persuaded him that the proposed enterprise would retard rather than advance the cause of Italian freedom.  Garibaldi left for Caprera, only insisting that his ‘weak services’ should be called into requisition whenever there was an opportunity to act.

Before quitting the Adriatic coast the hero of Rome went one evening with his two children, Menotti and Teresita, to the Chapel in the Pine Forest, where their mother was buried.  Within a mile was the farmhouse where he had embraced her lifeless form before undertaking his perilous flight from sea to sea.  In 1850, at Staten Island, when he was earning his bread as a factory hand, he wrote the prophetic words:  ’Anita, a land of slavery holds your precious dust; Italy will make your grave free, but what can restore to your children their incomparable mother?’ Garibaldi’s visit to Anita’s grave closes the story of the brave and tender woman who sacrificed all to the love she bore him.

After sitting for three months, the Conference which met at Zurich to establish the definite treaty of peace finished its labours on the 10th of November.  The compact was substantially the same as that arranged at Villafranca.  Victor Emmanuel, who had signed the Preliminaries with the reservation implied in the note:  ’In so far as I am concerned,’ preserved the same liberty of action in the Treaty of Zurich.  He still hesitated, however, in assuming the government of the central provinces, and even the plan of sending the Prince of Carignano as governor fell through in consequence of Napoleon’s opposition.  His hesitations sprang from the general apprehension that a hint from Paris might any day be followed by a new eruption of Austrians in Modena and Tuscany for the purpose of replacing the former rulers of those states on their thrones.  Such a fear existed at the time, and Rattazzi’s timid policy was the result; it is impossible not to ask now whether it was not exaggerated?  ‘What statesman,’ wrote the Prince Consort in June 1859, ’could adopt measures to force Austrian rule again upon delighted, free Italy?’ If this was true in June was it less true in November?  For the rest, would not