the children of Israel, The God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you.  This is my name for ever, and this is my memorial throughout all generations.” [Exod. iii. 6. 15.] Did Moses in his alarm and dread, when he was afraid {26} to look upon God, call upon those holy and accepted servants to aid him in his perplexity, and intercede for him and his people with the awful Eternal Being on whose majesty he dared not to look?  Did he teach his people to invoke Abraham?  That was far from him.  When Moses, that saint of the Lord, was himself called hence and was buried, (though no mortal man was allowed to know the place of his sepulture,) did the surviving faithful pray to him for his help and intercession with God?  He had wrought so many and great miracles as never had been before witnessed on earth; whilst in the tabernacle of the flesh he had talked with God as a man talketh with his friend; and yet the sacred page records no invocation ever breathed to his departed spirit.  The same is the result of our inquiry throughout.

I will specify only one more example—­Hezekiah, who “trusted in the Lord God of Israel, and clave to the Lord, and departed not from following him, but kept his commandments,” when he and his people were in great peril, addressed his prayer only to God.  He offered no invocation to holy David to intercede with the Almighty for his own Jerusalem; he made his supplication directly and exclusively to Jehovah; and, yet, the very answer made to that prayer would surely have seemed to justify Hezekiah in seeking holy David’s mediation, if prayer for the intercession of any departed mortal could ever have been sanctioned by Heaven:  “Thus saith the Lord, the God of David thy father; I have heard thy prayer, I have seen thy tears; I will heal thee.  I will save this city for mine own sake, and for my servant David’s sake.” [2 Kings (Vulg. 4 Kings) xix. 15. and xx. 6.] Of what saint in the calendar was ever such a thing as this spoken? {27}

I have already intimated my intention of referring, with somewhat more than a cursory remark, to the position assumed, and the argument built upon it by writers in communion with Rome, for the purpose of nullifying or escaping from the evidence borne by the examples of the Old Testament against the invocation of saints.  The writers to whom I refer, with Bellarmin at their head, openly confess that the pages of the Old Testament afford no instance of invocation being offered to the spirits of departed mortals; and the reason which they allege is this, No one can be invoked who is not admitted to the presence of God in heaven; but before Christ went down to hell[2] and released the spirits from prison, no mortal was admitted into heaven; consequently, before the resurrection of Christ the spirit of no mortal was invoked.  The following are the words of Bellarmin at the close of the preface to his “Church Triumphant:”—­“The