A—­signifies privation; as, anonymous, without name.

Amphi—­both or two; as, amphi-bious, partaking of both or two natures,

Anti—­against; as, anti-masonry, against masonry.

Dia—­through; as, dia-meter, line passing through a circle.

Hyper—­over; as, hyper-critical, over or too critical.

Hypo—­under, implying concealment or disguise; as, hypo-crite, one dissembling his real character.

Meta—­denotes change or transmutation; as, meta-morphose, to change the shape.

Para—­contrary or against; as, para-dox, a thing contrary to received opinion.

Peri—­round about; as, peri-phrasis, circumlocution.

Syn, syl, sym—­together; as, syn-tax, a placing together; syn-od, a meeting or coming together; syl-lable, that portion of a word which is taken together; sym-pathy, fellow-feeling, or feeling together.

RULES OF SYNTAX,

WITH ADDITIONAL EXERCISES IN FALSE SYNTAX.

The third part of Grammar is SYNTAX, which treats of the agreement and government of words and of their proper arrangement in a sentence.

SYNTAX consists of two parts, Concord and Government.

CONCORD is the agreement which one word has with another, in gender, person, number, or case.

For the illustration of agreement and government, see pages 52, and 53.

For the definition of a sentence, and the transposition of its words and members, see pages 119, 124, 128, and 167.

The principal parts of a simple sentence are the nominative or subject, the verb or attribute, or word that makes the affirmation, and the object, or thing affected by the action of the verb; as, “A wise man governs his passions.”  In this sentence, man is the subject; governs, the attribute; and passions the object.

A PHRASE is two or more words rightly put together, making sometimes a part of a sentence, and sometimes a whole sentence.

ELLIPSIS is the omission of some word or words, in order to avoid disagreeable and unnecessary repetitions, and to express our ideas concisely, and with strength and elegance.

In this recapitulation of the rules, Syntax is presented in a condensed form, many of the essential NOTES being omitted.  This is a necessary consequence of my general plan, in which Etymology and Syntax, you know are blended.  Hence, to acquire a complete knowledge of Syntax from this work, you must look over the whole.

You may now proceed and parse the following additional exercises in false Syntax; and, as you analyze, endeavor to correct all the errors without looking at the Key.  If, in correcting these examples, you should be at a loss in assigning the reasons why the constructions are erroneous, you can refer to the manner adopted in the foregoing pages.