Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 124 pages of information about Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885.

Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 124 pages of information about Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885.
organism enters upon its career with only two flagella, and the normal organism is possessed of four.  But in a few minutes, three or four at most, the full complement were always there.  How they were acquired it was the work of months to discover, but at last the mystery was solved.  The newly-fissioned form darted irregularly and rapidly for a brief space, then fixed itself to the floor or to a rigid object by the ends of its flagella, and, with its body motionless, an intense vibratory action was set up along the entire length of these exquisite fibers.  Rapidly the ends split, one-half being in each fiber set free, and the other remaining fixed, and in 130 seconds each entire flagellum was divided into a perfect pair.

Now the amoeboid state is a notable phenomenon throughout the monads as precursive of striking change.  It appears to subserve the purpose of the more facile acquisition and digestion of food at a crisis.  And this augmented the difficulty of discovering further change; and only persistent effort enabled us to discover that with comparative rareness there appeared a form in an amoeboid state that was unique.  It was a condition chiefly confined to the caudal end, the sarcode having became diffluent, hyaline, and intensely rapid in the protrusion and retraction of its substance, while the nuclear body becomes enormously enlarged.  These never appear alone; forms in a like condition are diffused throughout the fluid, and may swim in this state for hours.  Meanwhile, the diffluence causes a spreading and flattening of the sarcode and swimming gives place to creeping, while the flagella violently lash.  In this condition two forms meet by apparent accident, the protrusions touch, and instant fusion supervenes.  In the course of a few seconds there is no disconnected sarcode visible, and in five to seven minutes the organism is a union of two of the organisms, the swimming being again resumed, the flagella acting in apparent concert.  This may continue for a short time, when movement begins to flag and then ceases.  Meanwhile, the bodies close together, and the eyenots or vacuoles melt together, the two nuclei become one and disappear, and in eighteen hours the entire body of “either has melted into other,” and a motionless, and for a time irregular, sac is left.  This now becomes smooth, spherical, and tight, being fixed and motionless.  This is a typical process; but the mingled weariness and pleasure realized in following such a form without a break through all the varied changes into this condition is not easily expressed.

But now the utmost power of lenses, the most delicate adjustment of light, and the keenest powers of eyesight and attention must do the rest.  Before the end of six hours the delicate glossy sac opens gently at one place, then there streams out a glairy fluid densely packed with semi-opaque granules, just fairly visible when their area was increased six millions of times, and this continued until the whole sac was empty and

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Scientific American Supplement, No. 470, January 3, 1885 from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.