1st, during the reign of Henry the Fourth: 

2dly, during the reign of Lewis the Thirteenth:  and

3dly, during the reign of Lewis the Fourteenth: 

4thly, we shall afterwards notice, the Revocation of the edict of Nantes, and the complete restoration of the protestants of France, to their civil rights, in the reign of Lewis the Eighteenth.

II. 1.

An attempt to reunite the Calvinists to the church of Rome was made at the celebrated Conference held at Poissi in 1561.  In the work which we have cited, the Abbe Tabaraud gives a short and clear account of this conference.  It failed of success, and a long civil war of religion ensued.  It was closed by the conversion of Henry the Fourth to the Roman Catholic religion.  He was no sooner quietly seated on the throne, than he conceived the arduous, but certainly noble project of pacifying the religious contests of the world.  It appears that he was induced to entertain hopes of the success of this measure, by the assurances given him by the Calvinist ministers, when his change of religion, was in agitation, that salvation might be obtained in the church of Rome; and from his expectation of finding a spirit of conciliation, and concession, in the see of Rome.

“I have heard, from persons of distinction,” says Grotius[081], “that Henry the Fourth declared that he had great hopes of procuring for the King of England, and the other protestant princes, who were his allies, conditions, which they could not honorably refuse, if they had any real wish of returning to the unity of the church; and that he had once an intention of employing bishops of his own kingdom on this project; but that this project failed by his death.”

It is said, that with these views he had sent for Isaac Casaubon, a protestant divine of equal learning and moderation, and appointed him his librarian; and that he intended confidentially employing him in preparing means for the success of the measure, and smoothing the obstacles which might impede its progress.  Grotius[082] mentions, as a saying of Casaubon, that “the catholics of France had a juster way of thinking than the ministers of Charenton:”  these were the most rigid of the French Hugonot ministers.  It is observable that the French government always considered the Hugonots of a much more refractory disposition than the Lutherans.

II. 2.

The pacific views of Henry the Fourth, were terminated by his decease.  The capture of la Rochelle by the arms of Lewis the XIIIth, was a fatal blow to the political consequence of the Protestant party in France.  Cardinal Richelieu immediately set on foot a project, for the general conversion, of the body:  two persons, of very different characters, were employed by him, in this measure; Father Joseph, a capuchin friar, the confident, of all the cardinal’s