In a later volume of the same periodical,[142] there is a description of a hill in Virginia where ice is found in summer.  This hill lies near the road between Winchester and Romney, on the North River, latitude 39º N. One side of the hill is entirely composed of loose stones from ten to twenty pounds in weight, and under these the ice is found, although their upper surface is exposed to the full sun from 9 or 10 A.M. till sunset.  In all seasons there is an abundance of ice.  A writer in the ’London and Paris Observer’[143] visited the spot on the 4th of July, after a time of stifling heat, and in ten minutes he found more ice than the whole party could have carried away.  He did not explore any farther than the foot of the hill; but the neighbours, who used the ice regularly in summer, assured him that it was to be found high up also.  A constant and strong current issued from the crevices, stronger and infinitely colder than the current in the famous ‘blowing cave’ of Virginia.  A man had built a store-room for meat within the influence of one of these currents, and hard dry icicles were seen hanging from the wooden supports inside:  the flies, too, which had been attracted by the meat, were found frozen on to the stones.  This is not the only district where ice is found within temperate latitudes in North America.  In Professor Silliman’s ’American Journal of Science,’[144] in a sketch of the geology of the township of Salisbury, Con. (latitude 43 deg.  N.), ‘natural ice-houses’ are mentioned.  These consist of chasms of considerable extent in the mica-state, where ice and snow remain during the greater part of the year.  The principal of these chasms lies in the east part of the town, and is several hundred feet long, sixty feet deep, and about forty wide.  The slate is of a very compact kind; and the walls are perpendicular, and correspond with much exactness.  At the bottom is a cold spring, and a cave of considerable extent, in which it is probable that the ice lies—­for the writer does not specify the position in which it is found.  The chasm is a favourite retreat in summer, and is called the Wolf-hollow, from its having formerly been a famous haunt for wolves.

Similar receptacles for summer-ice are found in several places in North America.  In the forty-ninth volume of the Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserl.  Akademie in Wien (1te.  Abth.), a list of references to various ice-holes is appended to a paper by Dr. Boue on the geology of Servia.  Many of the passages referred to have nothing to do with ice-caves, as, for instance, the sections of De Saussure’s book describing his observations of ‘cold caves’, or the account of the mass of ice and snow from which the river Jumna springs, for which Dr. Boue refers to the ‘Philosophical Magazine’ for November 1823, meaning, in fact, the ‘London Magazine’.  The ‘Description des Glacieres’ of M. Bourrit is also given as a part of the literature on ice-caves; whereas (see the account of the Glaciere of Montarquis,