She was neither better
bred nor wiser than you or
me.—THACKERAY.
No mightier than thyself or me.—SHAKESPEARE.
Lin’d with Giants deadlier than ’em all.—POPE.
But he must be a stronger than thee.—SOUTHEY.
Not to render up my soul to such as thee.—BYRON.
I shall not learn my duty from such as thee.—FIELDING.
[Sidenote: A safe rule.]
It will be safer for the student to follow the general rule, as illustrated in the following sentences:—
If so, they are yet holier than we.—RUSKIN.
Who would suppose it is the game of such as he?—DICKENS.
Do we see
The robber and the murd’rer
weak as we?
—MILTON.
I have no other saint than thou to pray to.—LONGFELLOW.
[Sidenote: “Than whom.”]
401. One exception is to be noted. The expression than whom seems to be used universally instead of “than who.” There is no special reason for this, but such is the fact; for example,—
One I remember especially,—one
than whom I never met a bandit
more gallant.—THACKERAY.
The camp of Richard
of England, than whom none knows better how
to do honor to a noble
foe.—SCOTT.
She had a companion
who had been ever agreeable, and her estate a
steward than whom
no one living was supposed to be more
competent.—PARTON.
[Sidenote: “It was he” or “It was him"?]
402. And there is one question about which grammarians are not agreed, namely, whether the nominative or the objective form should be used in the predicate after was, is, are, and the other forms of the verb be.
It may be stated with assurance that the literary language prefers the nominative in this instance, as,—
For there was little doubt that it was he.—KINGSLEY.
But still it is not she.—MACAULAY.
And it was he
That made the ship to
go.
—COLERIDGE.
In spoken English, on the other hand, both in England and America, the objective form is regularly found, unless a special, careful effort is made to adopt the standard usage. The following are examples of spoken English from conversations:—
“Rose Satterne,
the mayor’s daughter?”—“That’s
her.”—KINGSLEY.
“Who’s there?”—“Me, Patrick the Porter.”—WINTHROP.
“If there is any
one embarrassed, it will not be me.”—WM.
BLACK.
The usage is too common to need further examples.
Exercise.
Correct the italicized pronouns in the following sentences, giving reasons from the analysis of the sentence:—