The students at Tsing-Hua College learn mathematics and science and philosophy, and broadly speaking, the more elementary parts of what is commonly taught in universities.  Many of the best of them go afterwards to America, where they take a Doctor’s degree.  On returning to China they become teachers or civil servants.  Undoubtedly they contribute greatly to the improvement of their country in efficiency and honesty and technical intelligence.

The Rockefeller Hospital is a large, conspicuous building, representing an interesting attempt to combine something of Chinese beauty with European utilitarian requirements.  The green roofs are quite Chinese, but the walls and windows are European.  The attempt is praiseworthy, though perhaps not wholly successful.  The hospital has all the most modern scientific apparatus, but, with the monopolistic tendency of the Standard Oil Company, it refuses to let its apparatus be of use to anyone not connected with the hospital.  The Peking Union Medical College teaches many things besides medicine—­English literature, for example—­and apparently teaches them well.  They are necessary in order to produce Chinese physicians and surgeons who will reach the European level, because a good knowledge of some European language is necessary for medicine as for other kinds of European learning.  And a sound knowledge of scientific medicine is, of course, of immense importance to China, where there is no sort of sanitation and epidemics are frequent.

The so-called Peking University is an example of what the Chinese have to suffer on account of extra-territoriality.  The Chinese Government (so at least I was told) had already established a university in Peking, fully equipped and staffed, and known as the Peking University.  But the Methodist missionaries decided to give the name “Peking University” to their schools, so the already existing university had to alter its name to “Government University.”  The case is exactly as if a collection of old-fashioned Chinamen had established themselves in London to teach the doctrine of Confucius, and had been able to force London University to abandon its name to them.  However, I do not wish to raise the question of extra-territoriality, the more so as I do not think it can be abandoned for some years to come, in spite of the abuses to which it sometimes gives rise.

Returned students (i.e. students who have been at foreign universities) form a definite set in China.[98] There is in Peking a “Returned Students’ Club,” a charming place.  It is customary among Europeans to speak ill of returned students, but for no good reason.  There are occasionally disagreements between different sections; in particular, those who have been only to Japan are not regarded quite as equals by those who have been to Europe or America.  My impression was that America puts a more definite stamp upon a student than any other country; certainly those returning from England are