[Illustration:  JUNIPERO SERRA Founder and First Padre Presidente of the Franciscan Missions of California From the Schumacker crayon]

[Illustration:  MAP OF THE COAST OF CALIFORNIA, SHOWING THE FRANCISCAN MISSION ESTABLISHMENTS.  Map originally made for Palou’s Life of Padre Junipero Serra, published in Mexico in 1787.]

In order that the spiritual part of the work might be as carefully planned as the political, Galvez summoned Serra.  What a fine combination!  Desire and power hand in hand!  What nights were spent by the two in planning!  What arguments, what discussions, what final agreements the old adobe rooms occupied by them must have heard!  But it is by just such men that great enterprises are successfully begun and executed.  For fervor and enthusiasm, power and sense, when combined, produce results.  Plans were formulated with a completeness and rapidity that equalled the best days of the Conquistadores.  Four expeditions were to go:  two by land and two by sea.  So would the risk of failure be lessened, and practical knowledge of both routes be gained.  Galvez had two available vessels:  the “San Carlos” and the “San Antonio.”

For money the visitor-general called upon the Pious Fund, which, on the expulsion of the Jesuits, he had placed in the hands of a governmental administrator.  He had also determined that the Missions of the peninsula should do their share to help in the founding of the new Missions, and Serra approved and helped in the work.

When Galvez arrived, he found Gaspar de Portola acting as civil and military governor, and Fernando Javier Rivera y Moncada, the former governor, commanding the garrison at Loreto.  Both were captains, Rivera having been long in the country.  He determined to avail himself of the services of these two men, each of them to command one of the land expeditions.  Consequently with great rapidity, for those days, operations were set in motion.  Rivera in August or September, 1768, was sent on a commission to visit in succession all the Missions, and gather from each one all the provisions, live-stock, and implements that could be spared.  He was also to prevail upon all the available families he could find to go along as colonists.  In the meantime, others sent out by Galvez gathered in church furniture, ornaments, and vestments for the Missions, and later Serra made a tour for the same purpose.  San Jose was named the patron saint of the expedition, and in December the “San Carlos” arrived at La Paz partially laden with supplies.

The vessel was in bad condition, so it had to be unloaded, careened, cleaned, and repaired, and then reloaded, and in this latter work both Galvez and Serra helped, the former packing the supplies for the Mission of San Buenaventura, in which he was particularly interested, and Serra attending to those for San Carlos.  They joked each other as they worked, and when Galvez completed his task ahead of Serra he had considerable