FOOTNOTES: 

[Footnote 127:  Sir George Cornewall Lewis was better informed in the early stages of the American conflict than any of his ministerial colleagues.  He was an occasional contributor to the reviews and his unsigned article in the Edinburgh, April, 1861, on “The Election of President Lincoln and its Consequences,” was the first analysis of real merit in any of the reviews.]

[Footnote 128:  In his Memoirs of an Ex-Minister, Malmesbury makes but three important references to the Civil War in America.]

[Footnote 129:  Adams, Charles Francis Adams, p. 165.]

[Footnote 130:  Dodd, Jefferson Davis, pp. 227-8.]

[Footnote 131:  Ibid.]

[Footnote 132:  It was generally whispered in Southern political circles that Davis sent Yancey abroad to get rid of him, fearing his interference at home.  If true, this is further evidence of Davis’ neglect of foreign policy.]

[Footnote 133:  Du Bose, Yancey, p. 604.]

[Footnote 134:  Adams, Charles Francis Adams, pp. 149-51.]

[Footnote 135:  Possibly the best concise statement of the effect on the North is given in Carl Schurz, Reminiscences, Vol.  II, p. 223.  Or see my citation of this in The Power of Ideals in American History, ch.  I, “Nationality.”]

[Footnote 136:  Hansard, 3rd.  Ser., Vol.  CLXII, pp. 1207-9.]

[Footnote 137:  See ante, p. 60.]

[Footnote 138:  U.S.  Messages and Documents, 1861-62, pp. 83-4.  Dallas to Seward, May 2, 1862.]

[Footnote 139:  An error.  Mann did not arrive in London until May 15.  Du Bose, Yancey, p. 604.]

[Footnote 140:  Richardson, Messages and Papers of the Confederacy, Vol.  II, p. 34.  This report also shows that Mann was not present at the first interview with Russell.]

[Footnote 141:  F.O., America, Vol. 755, No. 128, Russell to Lyons, May 11, 1861.  This document is marked “Seen by Lord Palmerston and the Queen.”  The greater and essential part has been printed in Parliamentary Papers, 1862, Lords, Vol.  XXV.  “Correspondence on Civil War in United States.”  No. 33.]

[Footnote 142:  Du Bose, Yancey, p. 604.]

[Footnote 143:  Lyons Papers.  The copy of the Memorandum sent to Lyons is undated, but from Russell’s letter to Lyons of May 4, in which it was enclosed, it is presumable that the date of May 3 for the Memorandum is correct.]

[Footnote 144:  Ibid., Russell to Lyons, May 4, 1861.]

[Footnote 145:  F.O., Am., Vol. 755, No. 121, Russell to Lyons, May 6, 1861.]

[Footnote 146:  It is to be remembered that the United States had given no notice of the existence of a state of war.]

[Footnote 147:  In diplomatic usage official notification of neutrality to a belligerent has varied, but Russell’s letters show him to have appreciated a peculiar delicacy here.]