[Footnote 51:  Edinburgh Review, Vol. 113, p. 555.]

[Footnote 52:  The Times, January 4, 1861.]

[Footnote 53:  Letter to Dublin News, dated January 26, 1861.  Cited in The Liberator, March 1, 1861.  Garrison, editor of The Liberator, was then earnest in advocating “letting the South go in peace” as a good riddance.]

[Footnote 54:  Saturday Review, March 2, 1861, p. 216.]

[Footnote 55:  London Chronicle, March 14, 1861.  Cited in The Liberator, April 12, 1861.]

[Footnote 56:  London Review, April 20, 1861.  Cited in Littel’s Living Age, Vol.  LXIX, p. 495.  The editor of the Review was a Dr. Mackay, but I have been unable to identify him, as might seem natural from his opinions, as the Mackay previously quoted (p. 37) who was later New York correspondent of the Times.]

[Footnote 57:  Matthew Arnold, Letters, Vol.  I., p. 150.  Letter to Mrs. Forster, January 28, 1861.]

[Footnote 58:  Julian Hawthorne, Nathaniel Hawthorne and his Wife, Vol.  II, pp. 271-78. Life and Letters of John Greenleaf Whittier, Vol.  II, pp. 439 seq.]

[Footnote 59:  Quarterly Review, Vol. 110, p. 282.  July, 1861.]

[Footnote 60:  Duffus, “English Opinion,” p. 7.]

[Footnote 61:  Westminster, Vol.  LXXX, p. 587.]

[Footnote 62:  Adams’ course was bitterly criticized by his former intimate friend, Charles Sumner, but the probable purpose of Adams was, foreseeing the certainty of secession, to exhibit so strongly the arrogance and intolerance of the South as to create greater unity of Northern sentiment.  This was a purpose that could not be declared and both at home and abroad his action, and that of other former anti-slavery leaders, for the moment weakened faith that the North was in earnest on the general issue of slavery.]

[Footnote 63:  Services rendered by Russia to the American People during the War of the Rebellion, Petersburg, 1904, p. 5.]

[Footnote 64:  Parliamentary Papers, 1862, Lords, Vol.  XXV, “Correspondence on Civil War in the United States,” No. 1.]

[Footnote 65:  Ibid., No. 6.  Russell to Lyons, December 26, 1860.]

[Footnote 66:  Ibid., Russell to Lyons, No. 9, January 5, 1861, and No. 17, February 20, 1861.]

[Footnote 67:  Parliamentary Papers, 1861, Lords, Vol.  XVIII.  Correspondence with U.S.  Government respecting suspension of Federal Customs House at the Port of Charleston.  Nos. 1 and 3.]

[Footnote 68:  Lyons Papers.  Lyons to Bunch, December 12, 1860.]

[Footnote 69:  Ibid., The same day official instructions were sent permitting Bunch to remain at Charleston, but directing him, if asked to recognize South Carolina, to refer the matter to England.  F.O., Am., Vol. 754, No. 6.  Russell to Lyons, January 10, 1861.]