[Footnote 813:  Russell Papers, Nov. 2, 1862.  Monday, November 1862, was the 10th not the 11th as Palmerston wrote.]

[Footnote 814:  Palmerston MS. Nov. 3, 1862.]

[Footnote 815:  Gladstone Papers.  The memorandum here preserved has the additional interest of frequent marginal comments by Gladstone.]

[Footnote 816:  The letters of “Historicus” early attracted, in the case of the Trent, favourable attention and respect.  As early as 1863 they were put out in book form to satisfy a public demand:  Letters by Historicus on some questions of International Law, London, 1863.]

[Footnote 817:  The Times, Nov. 7, 1862.  The letter was dated Nov. 4.]

[Footnote 818:  Parliamentary Papers, 1863, Lords, Vol.  XXIX.  “Despatch respecting the Civil War in North America.”  Russell to Cowley, Nov. 13, 1862.]

[Footnote 819:  For substance of the Russian answer to France see ante, p. 59, note 4.  D’Oubril reported Drouyn de Lhuys as unconvinced that the time was inopportune but as stating he had not expected Russia to join.  The French Minister of Foreign Affairs was irritated at an article on his overtures that had appeared in the Journal de Petersbourg, and thought himself unfairly treated by the Russian Government. (Russian Archives.  D’Oubril to F.O., Nov. 15, 1862 (N.S.), Nos. 1908 and 1912.)]

[Footnote 820:  Maxwell, Clarendon, II, 268.  The letter, as printed, is dated Nov. 11, and speaks of the Cabinet of “yesterday.”  This appears to be an error.  Gladstone’s account is of a two-days’ discussion on Nov. 11 and 12, with the decision reached and draft of reply to France outlined on the latter date.  The article in the Times, referred to by Lewis, appeared on Nov. 13.]

[Footnote 821:  Morley, Gladstone, II, 85.]

[Footnote 822:  Parliamentary Papers, 1863, Lords, Vol.  XXIX.  “Despatch respecting the Civil War in North America.”  Russell to Cowley, Nov. 13, 1862.]

[Footnote 823:  F.O., Russia, Vol. 609, No. 407.  Napier to Russell.  The same day Napier wrote giving an account of an interview between the French Minister and Prince Gortchakoff in which the latter stated Russia would take no chances of offending the North. Ibid., No. 408.]

[Footnote 824:  Morley, Gladstone, II ,85.  To his wife, Nov. 13, 1862.  Even after the answer to France there was some agitation in the Ministry due to the receipt from Stuart of a letter dated Oct. 31, in which it was urged that this was the most opportune moment for mediation because of Democratic successes in the elections.  He enclosed also an account of a “horrible military reprisal” by the Federals in Missouri alleging that ten Southerners had been executed because of one Northerner seized by Southern guerillas. (Russell Papers.) The Russell Papers contain a series of signed or initialled