even an inquiry by a prize court. (7) “It is essential for British Interests, that consistently with the obligations of neutrality, and of observing any legal and effective blockade, there should be communication between the Dominions of Her Majesty and the Countries forming the Confederate States.”  These seven points were for Lyons’ eye alone.  They certainly add no strength to the British position and reflect the uncertainty and confusion of the Cabinet.  The fifth and sixth points contain the essence of what, on more mature reflection, was to be the British argument. (F.O., Am., Vol. 758.  No. 447.  Draft.  Russell to Lyons Nov. 30, 1861).]

[Footnote 423:  Russell Papers.  Cowley to Russell, Dec. 2, 1861.]

[Footnote 424:  Parliamentary Papers, 1862, Lords, Vol.  XXV.  “Correspondence on Civil War in the United States.”  No. 78.  Russell to Yancey, Rost and Mann, Aug. 24, 1861.]

[Footnote 425:  Ibid., No. 124.  Russell to Yancey, Rost and Mann, Dec. 7, 1861.]

[Footnote 426:  Gladstone Papers.  Gladstone to Robertson Gladstone, Dec. 7, 1861.]

[Footnote 427:  Ibid., Argyll to Gladstone, Mentone.  Dec. 10, 1861.]

[Footnote 428:  Maxwell, Clarendon, II, p. 255.  Lewis to Clarendon, Dec. 18, 1861.]

[Footnote 429:  Ibid., p. 254.  Clarendon to Duchess of Manchester, Dec. 17, 1861.]

[Footnote 430:  Palmerston MS.]

[Footnote 431:  Ibid., Russell to Palmerston, Dec. 20, 1861.]

[Footnote 432:  Many citations from the Times are given in Harris, The Trent Affair, to show a violent, not to say scurrilous, anti-Americanism.  Unfortunately dates are not cited, and an examination of the files of the paper shows that Harris’ references are frequently to communications, not to editorials.  Also his citations give but one side of these communications even, for as many argued caution and fair treatment as expressed violence.  Harris apparently did not consult the Times itself, but used quotations appearing in American papers.  Naturally these would print, in the height of American anti-British feeling, the bits exhibiting a peevish and unjust British temper.  The British press made exactly similar quotations from the American newspapers.]

[Footnote 433:  C.F.  Adams, The Trent Affair (Proceedings, Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  XLV, p. 43, note.) John Bigelow, at Paris, reported that the London Press, especially the Tory, was eager to make trouble, and that there were but two British papers of importance that did not join the hue and cry—­these being controlled by friends of Bright, one in London and one in Manchester (Bigelow, Retrospections of An Active Life, I, p. 384.) This is not exactly true, but seems to me more nearly so than the picture presented by Rhodes (III, 526) of England as united in a “calm, sorrowful, astonished determination.”]