level of the earth. Around the sides of the top
of the shaft were ranged bas-reliefs in white marble,
about three feet three inches high; upon these rested
a capstone, apparently a series of stones, one projecting
over the other; but these are cut in one block, probably
fifteen or twenty tons in weight. Within the top
of the shaft was hollowed out a chamber, which, with
the bas-relief sides, was seven feet six inches high,
and seven feet square. This singular chamber
had probably been, in the early ages of Christianity,
the cell of an anchorite, perhaps a disciple of Simeon
Stylites, whose name was derived from his habitation,
which, I believe, we have generally translated as
meaning a column, but which was more probably a stele
like this. The traces of the religious paintings
and monograms of this holy man still remain upon the
backs of the marble of the bas-reliefs.”
By reference to the model of the tomb, of which the
bas-reliefs are in the room (1), the visitor may verify
the remarks of Sir Charles, who goes on to say that
the monument was never finished, having been only
half polished, and that it bears the traces of a shake
from an earthquake. The general conjecture is
that the tomb is the labour of a Lycian Greek sculptor.
The subjects of the bas-reliefs have been variously
interpreted: they decorated, as the visitor will
perceive by reference to the model, the four sides
of a square shaft. First, let the visitor turn
to the western face, marked (B). Here the scene
represented is supposed to be Juno holding a cup before
the sacred cow Io, and Epaphus, Aphrodite, and the
three Charites, which have been interpreted also as
the three Seasons, and the Erinnyes or Furies.
The eastern side marked (A), is supposed to represent
Tantalus, bringing the golden dog stolen from Crete
to Pandarus in Lycia: Neptune seated, with a
man leaning on a crutch, and a boy offering a bird
before him, and Amymone and Amphitrite behind him;
and AEsculapius seated with Telesphorus in front, and
two of the Graces behind him. The northern side
(C), shows at the corners, two Harpies making off
with two of the daughters of Pandarus, while their
sister Aedon, on her knees, is deploring their abduction.
Here, too, is a god seated, conjectured to be Pluto,
holding a helmet with the help of another figure,
and having a wild animal under his chair. The
south side (D), discloses two Harpies bearing off the
daughters of Pandarus; and in the centre is a god,
to whom a female figure is offering a dove. By
the side of these bas-reliefs, the visitor cannot
fail to remark the tomb of a Satrap of Lycia from Xanthus.
From the fact of horses being clearly traceable among
the figures sculptured upon this interesting relic,
Sir Charles Fellows christened it the Horse Tomb,
and by this appellation it is popularly known.
Its strange shape, with its highly decorated roof
and plain base, makes it an object of curiosity to
most visitors. It appears to be of the time of