His life by the Duchess of Newcastle—­the ’somewhat fantastical, and original-brain’d, generous Margaret Newcastle’, as Charles Lamb calls her—­was published in 1667.  The edition by C.H.  Firth, 1886, contains copious historical notes, and an introduction which points out Newcastle’s place as a patron and author.

Page 116, ll. 15-22.  Newcastle had been besieged at York.  He was relieved by Prince Rupert, who, against Newcastle’s advice, forced on the disastrous battle of Marston Moor (July 2, 1644) without waiting for reinforcements.  In this battle Newcastle was not in command but fought at the head of a company of volunteers.  The next day he embarked at Scarborough for the continent, where he remained till the Restoration.

l. 24.  He published two books on horsemanship—­La Methode et Invention Nouvelle de Dresser les Chevaux, written originally in English, but printed in French at Antwerp in 1658, and A New Method and Extraordinary Invention to Dress Horses, 1667.  The former was dedicated to Prince Charles, whom, as Governor, he had taught to ride.  On his reputation as a horseman, see C.H.  Firth, op. cit., pp. xx-xxii.

Page 117, l. 20.  He was Governor of the Prince from 1638 to 1641:  cf. note on p. 115, l. 5.

l. 29.  Newcastle-upon-Tyne (from which he took his title) was ‘speedily and dexterously’ secured for the King at the end of June 1642 ’by his lordship’s great interest in those parts, the ready compliance of the best of the gentry, and the general good inclinations of the place’ (Clarendon, vol. ii, p. 227).

Page 118, l. 17.  Henry Clifford (1591-1643) fifth Earl of Cumberland.  He had commanded the Royalist forces in Yorkshire, but was ’in his nature inactive, and utterly inexperienced’.  He willingly gave up the command (Clarendon, vol. ii, pp. 282, 464-5).  He died shortly afterwards.

l. 28. this last, Marston Moor.

Page 119, l. 8. unacquainted with War.  Clarendon expressed himself privately on this point much more emphatically than the nature of his History would allow:  ’you will find the Marquis of Newcastle a very lamentable man and as fit to be a General as a Bishop.’ (Letter to Sir Edward Nicholas, dated Madrid, June 4, 1650:  State Papers, 1786, vol. iii, p. 20.)

l. 10.  James King (1589?-1652?), created Baron Eythin and Kerrey in the Scottish peerage in 1643.  He had been a general in the army of the King of Sweden, and returned to this country in 1640.  He left it with Newcastle after Marston Moor.  He entirely disapproved of Rupert’s plans for the battle; his comment, as reported by Clarendon, was ’By God, sir, it is very fyne in the paper, but ther is no such thinge in the Feilds’ (vol. iii, p. 376).

30.

Clarendon, MS. Life, p. 136; History, Bk.  IV, ed. 1702, vol. i, pp. 270-1; ed.  Macray, vol. i, pp. 461-3.