The fifth was called hocloban, which is another kind of witch, of greater efficacy than the mangagauay.  Without the use of medicine, and by simply saluting or raising the hand, they killed whom they chose.  But if they desired to heal those whom they had made ill by their charms, they did so by using other charms.  Moreover, if they wished to destroy the house of some Indian hostile to them, they were able to do so without instruments.  This was in Catanduanes, an island off the upper part of Luzon.

The sixth was called silagan, whose office it was, if they saw anyone clothed in white, to tear out his liver and eat it, thus causing his death.  This, like the preceding, was in the island of Catanduanes.  Let no one, moreover, consider this a fable; because, in Calavan, they tore out in this way through the anus all the intestines of a Spanish notary, who was buried in Calilaya by father Fray Juan de Merida.

The seventh was called magtatangal, and his purpose was to show himself at night to many persons, without his head or entrails.  In such wise the devil walked about and carried, or pretended to carry, his head to different places; and, in the morning, returned it to his body—­remaining, as before, alive.  This seems to me to be a fable, although the natives affirm that they have seen it, because the devil probably caused them so to believe.  This occurred in Catanduanes.

The eighth they called osuang, which is equivalent to “sorcerer;” they say that they have seen him fly, and that he murdered men and ate their flesh.  This was among the Visayas Islands; among the Tagalos these did not exist.

The ninth was another class of witches called mangagayoma.  They made charms for lovers out of herbs, stones, and wood, which would infuse the heart with love.  Thus did they deceive the people, although sometimes, through the intervention of the devil, they gained their ends.

The tenth was known as sonat, which is equivalent to “preacher.”  It was his office to help one to die, at which time he predicted the salvation or condemnation of the soul.  It was not lawful for the functions of this office to be fulfilled by others than people of high standing, on account of the esteem in which it was held.  This office was general throughout the islands.

The eleventh, pangatahojan, was a soothsayer, and predicted the future.  This office was general in all the islands.

The twelfth, bayoguin, signified a “cotquean,” a man whose nature inclined toward that of a woman.