And even if all the above (in respect to what concerns Portugal and the preservation and quiet of Yndia) were not of so great moment and consideration for his Majesty’s service, so great are the injuries to the crown of Castilla which result from this new commerce that only for that (both for reasons of state and finance) it should be strictly prohibited.  For if navigation is permitted from the western Indias to China, all the money and coin in the kingdom will flow thither and none will go to Hespana, because China is so large and has so much to exchange and sell that, however much coin is sent, that country will absorb it all.  The Indias will come to have no need of Hespana, because all the products obtained from this country can be obtained from China in much greater abundance and more cheaply, except wines and olives, which can be very easily introduced in the Yndias.  They might also do without them, because they are not very necessary or requisite.  So they would care for trade with Hespana only on that account, especially since they may get them from China itself through the Portuguese traders.  Of how much consequence and importance this is in state matters, it is unnecessary to point out, because it may be well understood.  It is, moreover, understood that the Indians have wine of their own.

And above all, when Chinese merchandise is in the western Indias and money is flowing toward China, trade and commerce with Hespana will necessarily fall off, together with the income of the custom house at Sevilla, while money will be scarce there and throughout Espana.

Let it be further noted that among the sworn promises which his Majesty made to the kingdom of Portugal, there is one clause (the copy of which accompanies this) in which it is said that traffic with Yndia, Guinea, and other regions belonging to the kingdom of Portugal, both discovered and to be discovered, will not be wrested from them or any innovation made in present conditions; and the officials who are to go out for the said commerce and on the ships for that purpose shall be Portuguese.  According to this clause, no alteration can be made in the commerce with China, Maluco, Amboino, Banda, and other parts of the Eastern Yndias.  The Castilians shall not go there, nor shall the Portuguese go from here to the Castilian Yndias. [30]

The Lord Cardinal Archduke, [31] to whom his Majesty has entrusted the government of Portugal, seeing and considering all these dangers, wrote many times to his Majesty that it would be greatly to his interest to prohibit this commerce; and besides what he says in many of his letters, in one letter of December 23, of last year, 89, he wrote as follows: