has selected a wide variety of tales giving exercise
to many forms of activity, establishing various habits
of growth. This method of choice is the psychologic
built up until, in the hands of the teacher who knows
the subject, it becomes somewhat logical. It is
the method which uses the ability of the individual
teacher, alone and unaided. There is another
method. The teacher may be furnished with a course
of tales arranged by expert study of the full subject
outlined in large units of a year’s work, offering
the literary heritage possible to the child of a given
age. This is logical. From this logical
course of tales she may select one which answers to
the momentary need, she may use it according to its
nature, to develop habits, to give opportunity for
self-activity and self-expression, and to enter into
the child’s daily life. This method of choice
is the logical, which through use and adaptation has
become psychologized. It uses the ability of
the individual teacher in adaptation, not unaided
and alone, but assisted by the concentrated knowledge
and practice of the expert. Such a logical course,
seeking uniformity only by what it requires at the
close of a year’s work, would give to the individual
teacher a large freedom of choice and would bring into
kindergarten and elementary literature a basis of
content demanding as much respect as high school or
college literature. It is in no way opposed to
maintaining the child as the center of interest.
The teacher’s problem is to see that she uses
the logical course psychologically.
2. Having selected the tale then, from a logical
course, and psychologically for a present particular
purpose, the next step is: Know the tale.
Know the tale historically, if possible. Know
it first as folk-lore and then as literature.
Read several versions of the tale, the original if
possible, selecting that version which seems most
perfectly fitted to express what there is in the tale.
As folk-lore, study its variants and note its individual
motifs. Note what glimpses it gives of the social
life and customs of a primitive people. The best
way to dwell on the life of the story, to realize it,
is to compare these motifs with similar motifs in other
tales. It has been said that we do not see anything
clearly until we compare it with another; and associating
individual motifs of the tales makes the incidents
stand out most clearly. Henny Penny’s walk
appears more distinctly in association with that of
Medio Pollito or that of Drakesbill or of the Foolish
Timid Rabbit; the fairy words in Sleeping Beauty
and the good things they bestowed upon Briar Rose in
association with the fairy wand in Cinderella
and the good things it brought her; the visit of the
Wolf in The Wolf and Seven Kids with the visit
of the Wolf in Three Pigs and of the Fox in
The Little Rid Hin. It is interesting
to note that a clog motif, similar to the motif of
shoes in The Elves and the Shoemaker, occurs
in the Hindu Panch-Rhul Ranee, told in Old
Deccan Days.