The setting is the field where the old Woman placed the Ox and where she spun, the wood from which the animals came, and the peasant home.  The characters are two poor people who need food and clothing and seek to secure both; and the animals of the forest.  The peasants need the Bear for a coat, the Wolf for a fur cap, the Fox for a fur collar, and the Hare for mittens.  This human need produces an emotional appeal so that we wish to see the animals caught.  But when the plot unties itself, the plight of the animals appeals to us equally and we want just as much to see them win their freedom.  Each animal works out his own salvation by offering the old people a worthy substitute.  Each animal is true to his nature in the substitute he offers, he promises what is only natural for him to procure, and what he himself likes best.  The conclusion is satisfying because in the end everybody is happy:  the old people who have all they need; and the animals who have life and freedom.  The distinct pictures offered to the imagination are the capture of the four animals and their return with their life-substitutes.  The form of the tale is a good example of folk-story style, with its vivid words, direct language, and repetition.  This is one of the tales which is finer than at first appears because it has a strong sense of life.  It touches the present-day problem:  “How can the inhuman slaughter of animals for man’s use be avoided?” Its underlying message is:  Self-help is a good way out of a difficulty.—­The Straw Ox also answers the complete test of the tale with much satisfaction.

REFERENCES: 

The Child: 

     Barnes, Earl:  Study of Children’s Stories. ("Children’s
       Interests.”)

     Dewey, John:  Interest and Effort in Education.  Houghton.

     King, Irving:  Psychology of Child Development.  University of
       Chicago Press.

     Lawrence, Isabel:  “Children’s Interests in Literature.” N.E.A. 
       Report, 1899, p. 1044.

     McCracken, Elizabeth:  “What Children Like to Read.” Outlook,
       Dec, 1904, vol. 78.

     Tyler, John M.:  Growth in Education.  Houghton.

     Vostrovsky, Clara:  “A Study of Children’s Own Stories.” Studies
       in Education, vol. i, pp. 15-17.

Literature: 

     Baldwin, Charles S.:  Specimens of Prose Description.  Holt.

     Brewster, William T.:  English Composition and Style.  Century.

     Ibid:  Specimens of Prose Narration.  Holt.

     Gardiner, John H.:  Forms of Prose Literature.  Scribner.

     Matthews, Brander:  The Philosophy of the Short-Story.  Longmans. 
     Pater, Walter:  Appreciations. (Essay on Style).  Macmillan.