The present great captains of the age, the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene, having been the subject of the discourse of the last company I was in, it has naturally led me into a consideration of Alexander and Caesar, the two greatest names which ever appeared before this century.  In order to enter into their characters, there needs no more but examining their behaviour in parallel circumstances.  It must be allowed, that they had an equal greatness of soul; but Caesar’s was more corrected and allayed by a mixture of prudence and circumspection.  This is seen conspicuously in one particular in their histories, wherein they seem to have shown exactly the difference of their tempers.  When Alexander, after a long course of victories, would still have led his soldiers farther from home, they unanimously refused to follow him.  We meet with the like behaviour in Caesar’s army in the midst of his march against Ariovistus.  Let us therefore observe the conduct of our two generals in so nice an affair:  and here we find Alexander at the head of his army, upbraiding them with their cowardice, and meanness of spirit; and in the end, telling them plainly, he would go forward himself, though not a man followed him.  This showed indeed an excessive bravery; but how would the commander have come off, if the speech had not succeeded, and the soldiers had taken him at his word?  The project seems of a piece with Mr. Bayes’ in “The Rehearsal,"[129] who, to gain a clap in his prologue, comes out, with a terrible fellow in a fur cap following him, and tells his audience, if they would not like his play, he would lie down and have his head struck off.  If this gained a clap, all was well; but if not, there was nothing left but for the executioner to do his office.  But Caesar would not leave the success of his speech to such uncertain events:  he shows his men the unreasonableness of their fears in an obliging manner, and concludes, that if none else would march along with them, he would go himself with the Tenth Legion, for he was assured of their fidelity and valour, though all the rest forsook him; not but that in all probability they were as much against the march as the rest.  The result of all was very natural:  the Tenth Legion, fired with the praises of their general, send thanks to him for the just opinion he entertains of them; and the rest, ashamed to be outdone, assure him, that they are as ready to follow where he pleases to lead them, as any other part of the army.

[Footnote 124:  It has been suggested, with little or no reason, that Sappho is meant for Mrs. Manley (Author of the “New Atalantis"), or Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas (known as “Corinna"), or Mrs. Elizabeth Heywood.  See No. 40.]

[Footnote 125:  “Paradise Lost,” viii. 283.]

[Footnote 126:  Dryden’s “State of Innocence and Fall of Man:  an Opera,” act iii. sc. i.  In the Spectator (No. 345), Addison illustrated Milton’s chaste treatment of the subject of Eve’s nuptials by contrasting what he says with the account in the opera in which Dryden, according to Lee’s verses, refined “Milton’s golden ore, and new-weaved his hard-spun thought.”]