be any more resistance from any of them when they learn of the advantages of friendship with the Spaniards; for they have already been informed of the way in which those are treated who resist.  To the present time, all that has been explored in this island is about fifty or sixty leagues along the coast from Manilla to Yvalon, [47] which is the landing-place for the ships sailing to Nueva Spana.  On the farther coast, to the north, nothing is explored except the mines of Paracali, which were discovered by Captain Juan de Sauzedo when crossing from Manilla to the other sea with sixty men, as I have told above.  Near these mines there is a large and thickly-populated river called Bico. [48] According to the reports of the natives, all of it is thickly populated.  This island extends a long distance from Manilla toward the west.  Toward the south is a province called Yloquio, which is said to be very rich in gold mines; but the Spaniards have not seen it as yet.  The natives have not been able to say how far this island extends in longitude.  I have already said that all of it is thickly populated, and that it has a great abundance of rice, fowls, and swine, as well as great numbers of buffaloes, deer, wild boars, and goats; it also produces great quantities of cotton and colored cloths, wax, and honey; and date palms abound.  In conclusion, it is very well supplied with all the things above mentioned, and many others which I shall not enumerate.  It is the largest island which has thus far been discovered in these regions.  As I say, it is well populated and very rich in gold mines.  There is much trade with China.  That part of it which has thus far been conquered and pacified, the governor has begun to allot to the conquerors.

I could write many other things about this land, and the conditions existing in it; but I omit them, in order to avoid prolixity.  Therefore I bring the present relation to a close, to the honor and glory of our Lord Jesus Christ, the one and everlasting God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, and of the glorious Virgin Mary, our Lady, in the year one thousand five hundred and seventy-two, in this city of Manilla, on the twentieth day of the month of April.

Foundation of the City of Manila

I, Hernando Riquel, notary-in-chief and governmental notary for his Majesty in these islands of the West, do hereby certify most solemnly, to whomsoever shall see this present, that the most illustrious Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, governor and captain-general in these said islands, gave the title of city to this colony of Manila, on the third day of the month of June of the past year, seventy-one; and on the twenty-fourth day of the same month and year, which was St. John’s day, he appointed two alcaldes in ordinary, one alguacil-mayor, and twelve regidores; and on the day following he appointed one notary for the cabildo and two notaries public for the court of the said alcaldes, [49] as is set forth in greater detail, and appears by the list of the said appointments, which are in my possession.  Therefore, that this might be manifest, I have been ordered by the aforesaid governor to draw up the present document; which is done in the said city of Manilla, on the nineteenth day of the month of June, in the year one thousand five hundred and seventy-two.