from the Spanish settlements.  In all this is it not clear that tribute is unjustly raised?  Likewise he who sends them for it or orders it, as also the captain in the first place, next the soldiers and those taking part in it, and those who advise it; and those who, being able to, do not prevent it; and those who, being able to make restitution, do not do so—­all these together, and each person individually, are entirely responsible for all injury.  And it is the same in the villages in the neighborhood of the Spanish settlements; because, although they may have some religious instruction, and under the shelter of the Spanish are safe from their enemies, and some injuries which have been done them have been redressed, they do not fail to receive great molestation and injury through the continual presence of the Spaniards, and never-ending embarcations.  Finally, they were free, and, to speak openly, not reduced to vassalage.  And when base and foundation fail, all that is built thereon is defective—­all the more as the Indians are not protected from their enemies, nor maintained in justice, as they should be.  Many piracies go on as before, and those most thoroughly subdued suffer the worst, because, being robbed by others who are not so subject, they are given neither any satisfaction nor allowed to secure it for themselves.  And there is not sufficient reason for his Majesty to have ordered that the land shall be allotted and divided into encomiendas; because his Majesty was ill informed, as appears by his own letter, since he had been assured that, without any war, they had of their own accord become his Majesty’s vassals.  Therefore it seems to have been entirely against his Majesty’s will.  If at any time we have been of opinion that the land should be allotted, as indeed it now seems to us, or likewise if the land is to be maintained, it was and is to avoid greater injury and robberies, which are committed without any remedy, when there are no repartimientos.  Therefore, only one thing now works injury.  We are trying to render the land orderly, and not turbulent as it was before, when no one knew anything about it.  Even now some of the Spaniards treat the natives very ill.  More than all, the tribute which is now raised (three maez [mace] for each Indian) is excessive, in our opinion, considering what we saw from the beginning among them and our intercourse with them, and our knowledge of their labors, and of the tools with which they cultivate the ground, and their great difficulty in supporting themselves—­for they even live a part of the year on roots; and the common people can scarcely obtain a robe with which to clothe themselves.  Whence it happens that, at the time of collecting the tribute, some of them demolish their houses—­which at the least would be worth as much as the tribute itself, if they should be sold—­and go into hiding, in order not to pay the tribute.  They say that afterward they will return to build, with the labor of a month