[194] Transactions Edinburgh Obstetrical Society, vol. xvii, 1892.

[195] J.W.  Ballantyne, Manual of Antenatal Pathology:  The Embryo, p. 45.

[196] W.C.  Dabney, “Maternal Impressions,” Keating’s Cyclopaedia of Diseases of Children, vol. i, 1889, pp. 191-216.

[197] Fere, Sensation et Mouvement, Chapter XIV, “Sur la Psychologie du Foetus.”

[198] J. Thomson, “Defective Co-ordination in Utero,” British Medical Journal, September 6, 1902.

[199] H. Campbell, Nervous Organization of Man and Woman, p. 206; cf.  Moll, Untersuchungen ueber die Libido Sexualis, bd. i, p. 264.  Many authorities, from Soranus of Ephesus onward, consider, however, that sexual relations should cease during pregnancy, and certainly during the later months.  Cf.  Brenot, De l’influence de la copulation pendant la grosseisse, 1903.

[200] Bianchi terms this fairly common condition the neurasthenia of pregnancy.

[201] Vinay, Traite des Maladies de la Grossesse, 1894, pp. 51, 577; Mongeri, “Nervenkrankungen und Schwangerschaft.” Allegemeine Zeitschrift fuer Psychiatrie, bd.  LVIII, Heft 5.  Haig remarks (Uric Acid, sixth edition, p. 151) that during normal pregnancy diseases with excess of uric acid in the blood (headaches, fits, mental depression, dyspepsia, asthma) are absent, and considers that the common idea that women do not easily take colds, fevers, etc., at this time is well founded.

[202] Founding his remarks on certain anatomical changes and on a suggestion of Engel’s, Donaldson observes:  “It is impossible to escape the conclusion that in women natural education is complete only with maternity, which we know to effect some slight changes in the sympathetic system and possibly the spinal cord, and which may be fairly laid under suspicion of causing more structural modifications than are at present recognized.”  H.H.  Donaldson, The Growth of the Brain, p. 352.

[203] The state of menstruation is in many respects an approximation to that of pregnancy; see, e.g., Edgar’s Practice of Obstetrics, plates 6 6 and 7, showing the resemblance of the menstrual changes in the breasts and the external sexual parts to the changes of pregnancy; cf.  Havelock Ellis, Man and Woman, fourth edition, Chapter XI, “The Functional Periodicity of Woman.”

[204] Thus the gypsies say of an unmarried woman who becomes pregnant, “She has smelt the moon-flower”—­a flower believed to grow on the so-called moon-mountain and to possess the property of impregnating by its smell.  Ploss and Bartels, Das Weib, bd.  I, Chapter XXVII.

[205] This was a sound instinct, for it is now recognized as an extremely important part of puericulture that a woman should rest at all events during the latter part of pregnancy; see, e.g., Pinard, Gazette des Hopitaux, November 28, 1895, and Annales de Gynecologie, August, 1898.