novel, Sous Offs (Paris, Tresse et Stock, 1890), some details are given regarding establishments for male prostitution.  See pages 322, 412, and 417 for description of the drinking-shop called ’Aux Amis de l’Armee,’ where a few maids were kept for show, and also of its frequenters, including, in particular, the Adjutant Laprevotte.  Ulrichs reports that in the Austrian army lectures on homosexual vices are regularly given to cadets and conscripts (Memnon, p. 26).  A soldier who had left the army told a friend of mine that he and many of his comrades had taken to homosexual indulgences when abroad on foreign service in a lonely station.  He kept the practice up in England ’because the women of his class were so unattractive.’  The captain of an English man-of-war said that he was always glad to send his men on shore after a long cruise at sea, never feeling sure how far they might not all go if left without women for a certain space of time.”  I may add that A. Hamon (La France Sociale et Politique, 1891, pp. 653-55; also in his Psychologie du Militaire Professional, chapter x) gives details as to the prevalence of homosexuality in the French army, especially in Algeria; he regards it as extremely common, although the majority are free.  A fragment of a letter by General Lamoriciere (speaking of Marshal Changarnier) is quoted:  En Afrique nous en etions tous, mais lui en est reste ici.

This primitive indifference is doubtless also a factor in the prevalence of homosexuality among criminals, although, here, it must be remembered, two other factors (congenital abnormality and the isolation of imprisonment) have to be considered.  In Russia, Tarnowsky observes that all pederasts are agreed that the common people are tolerably indifferent to their sexual advances, which they call “gentlemen’s games.”  A correspondent remarks on “the fact, patent to all observers, that simple folk not infrequently display no greater disgust for the abnormalities of sexual appetite than they do for its normal manifestations."[42] He knows of many cases in which men of lower class were flattered and pleased by the attentions of men of higher class, although not themselves inverted.  And from this point of view the following case, which he mentions, is very instructive:—­

A pervert whom I can trust told me that he had made advances to upward of one hundred men in the course of the last fourteen years, and that he had only once met with a refusal (in which case the man later on offered himself spontaneously) and only once with an attempt to extort money.  Permanent relations of friendship sprang up in most instances.  He admitted that he looked after these persons and helped them with his social influence and a certain amount of pecuniary support—­setting one up in business, giving another something to marry on, and finding places for others.

Among the peasantry in Switzerland, I am informed, homosexual relationships are not uncommon before marriage, and such relationships are lightly spoken of as “Dummheiten”.  No doubt, similar traits might be found in the peasantry of other parts of Europe.