occur about once a month, but it is generally irregular, and cannot usually be shown to occur at definite intervals.  Monthly discharges of blood from the sexual organs and other parts of the body in men have been recorded in ancient and modern times, and were treated of by the older medical writers as an affliction peculiar to men with a feminine system. (Laycock, Nervous Diseases of Women, p. 79.) A summary of such cases will be found in Gould and Pyle (Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine, 1897, pp. 27-28).  Laycock (Lancet, 1842-43, vols. i and ii) brought forward cases of monthly and fortnightly cycles in disease, and asserted “the general principle that there are greater and less cycles of movements going on in the system, involving each other, and closely connected with the organization of the individual.”  He was inclined to accept lunar influence, and believed that the physiological cycle is made up of definite fractions and multiples of a period of seven days, especially a unit of three and a half days.  Albrecht, a somewhat erratic zooelogist, put forth the view a few years ago that there are menstrual periods in men, giving the following reasons:  (1) males are rudimentary females, (2) in all males of mammals, a rudimentary masculine uterus (Mueller’s ducts) still persists, (3) totally hypospadic male individuals menstruate; and believed that he had shown that in man there is a rudimentary menstruation consisting in an almost monthly periodic appearance, lasting for three or four days, of white corpuscles in the urine (Anomalo, February, 1890).  Dr. Campbell Clark, some years since, made observations on asylum attendants in regard to the temperature, during five weeks, which tended to show that the normal male temperature varies considerably within certain limits, and that “so far as I have been able to observe, there is one marked and prolonged rise every month or five weeks, averaging three days, occasional lesser rises appearing irregularly and of shorter duration.  These observations are only made in three cases, and I have no proof that they refer to the sexual appetite” (Campbell Clark, “The Sexual Reproductive Functions,” Psychological Section, British Medical Association, Glasgow, 1888; also, private letters).  Hammond (Treatise on Insanity, p. 114) says:  “I have certainly noted in some of my friends, the tendency to some monthly periodic abnormal manifestations.  This may be in the form of a headache, or a nasal haemorrhage, or diarrhoea, or abundant discharge of uric acid, or some other unusual occurrence.  I think,” he adds, “this is much more common than is ordinarily supposed, and a careful examination or inquiry will generally, if not invariably, establish the existence of a periodicity of the character referred to.”

Dr. Harry Campbell, in his book on Differences in the Nervous Organization of Men and Women, deals fully with the monthly rhythm (pp. 270 et