[13] Zeitschrift fuer Ethnologie, 1878, p. 26.

[14] Essais, livre ii, Ch.  XV.

[15] Monsieur Nicolas, vol. i, p. 89.

[16] Lane, Arabian Society, p. 228.  The Arab insistence on the value of virginal modesty is well brought out in one of the most charming stories of the Arabian Nights, “The History of the Mirror of Virginity.”

[17] This has especially been emphasized by Crawley, The Mystic Rose, pp. 181, 324 et seq., 353.

[18] Geschlecht und Gesellschaft, Bd.  II, Heft 8, p. 358.

[19] This, however, is not always or altogether true of experienced women.  Thus, the Russian correspondent already referred to, who as a youth was accustomed, partly out of shyness, to feign complete ignorance of sexual matters, informs me that it repeatedly happened to him at this time that young married women took pleasure in imposing on themselves, not without shyness but with evident pleasure, the task of initiating him, though they always hastened to tell him that it was for his good, to preserve him from bad women and masturbation.  Prostitutes, also, often take pleasure in innocent men, and Hans Ostwald tells (Sexual-Probleme, June, 1908, p. 357) of a prostitute who fell violently in love with a youth who had never known a woman before; she had never met an innocent man before, and it excited her greatly.  And I have been told of an Italian prostitute who spoke of the exciting pleasure which an unspoilt youth gave her by his freshness, tutta questa freschezza.

[20] Anatomy of Melancholy, Part III, Sect.  III.  Mem.  IV.  Subs.  I.

[21] N. Venette, La Generation de l’Homme, Part II, Ch.  X.

[22] Monsieur Nicolas, vol. i, p. 94.

[23] Kryptadia, vol. ii, p. 26, 31.  Ib. vol. iii, p. 162.

[24] “Modesty is, at first,” said Renouvier, “a fear which we have of displeasing others, and of blushing at our own natural imperfections.”  (Renouvier and Prat, La Nouvelle Monadologie, p. 221.)

[25] C. Richet, “Les Causes du Degout,” L’Homme et l’Intelligence, 1884.  This eminent physiologist’s elaborate study of disgust was not written as a contribution to the psychology of modesty, but it forms an admirable introduction to the investigation of the social factor of modesty.

[26] It is interesting to note that where, as among the Eskimo, urine, for instance, is preserved as a highly-valuable commodity, the act of urination, even at table, is not regarded as in the slightest degree disgusting or immodest (Bourke, Scatologic Rites, p. 202).

[27] Hawkesworth, An Account of the Voyages, etc., 1775, vol. ii, p. 52.

[28] Journal of the Anthropological Institute, vol. vi, p. 173.