[189] Christian, article on “Onanisme,” Dictionnaire Encyclopedique des Sciences Medicales; Ploss and Bartels, Das Weib; Moraglia, “Die Onanie beim normalen Weibe,” Zeitschrift fuer Criminal-Anthropologie, 1897; Dartigues, De la Procreation Volontaire des Sexes, p. 32.  In the eighteenth century, the rin-no-tama was known in France, sometimes as “pommes d’amour.”  Thus Bachaumont, in his Journal (under date July 31, 1773), refers to “a very extraordinary instrument of amorous mystery,” brought by a traveler from India; he describes this “boule erotique” as the size of a pigeon’s egg, covered with soft skin, and gilded.  Cf.  F.S.  Krauss, Geschlechtsleben in Brauch und Sitte der Japaner, Leipzig, 1907.

[190] It may be worth mentioning that the Salish Indians of British Columbia have a myth of an old woman having intercourse with young women, by means of a horn worn as a penis (Journal of the Anthropological Institute, July-Dec., 1904, p. 342).

[191] In Burchard’s Penitential (cap. 142-3), penalties are assigned to the woman who makes a phallus for use on herself or other women.  (Wasserschleben, Bussordnungen der abendlaendlichen Kirche, p. 658.) The penis succedaneus, the Latin phallus or fascinum, is in France called godemiche; in Italy, passatempo, and also diletto, whence dildo, by which it is most commonly known in England.  For men, the corresponding cunnus succedaneus is, in England, called merkin, which meant originally (as defined in old editions of Bailey’s Dictionary) “counterfeit hair for women’s privy parts.”

[192] Duehren, Der Marquis de Sade und Seine Zeit, 3d ed., pp. 130, 232; id. Geschlechtsleben in England, Bd.  II, pp. 284 et seq.

[193] Gamier, Onanisme, p. 378.

[194] Zeitschrift fuer Ethnologie, 1899, p. 669.

[195] The mythology of Hawaii, one may note, tells of goddesses who were impregnated by bananas they had placed beneath their garments.  B. Stern mentions (Medizin in der Tuerkei, Bd.  II, p. 24) that the women of Turkey and Egypt use the banana, as well as the cucumber, etc., for masturbation.  In a poem in the Arabian Nights, also ("History of the Young Nour with the Frank"), we read:  “O bananas, of soft and smooth skins, which dilate the eyes of young girls ... you, alone among fruits are endowed with a pitying heart, O consolers of widows and divorced women.”  In France and England they are not uncommonly used for the same purpose.