hold nudity in the male to be such an abhorrent thing that for centuries they have referred with scorn and disgust to the Nile Negroes as the ‘naked people.’  Male nudity extends northwest to within some 200 miles of Khartum, or, in fact, wherever the Nile Negroes of the Dinka-Acholi stock inhabit the country.” (Sir H.H.  Johnston, Uganda Protectorate, vol. ii, pp. 669-672.)

Among the Nilotic Ja-luo, Johnston states that “unmarried men go naked.  Married men who have children wear a small piece of goat skin, which, though quite inadequate for purposes of decency, is, nevertheless, a very important thing in etiquette, for a married man with a child must on no account call on his mother-in-law without wearing this piece of goat’s skin.  To call on her in a state of absolute nudity would be regarded as a serious insult, only to be atoned for by the payment of goats.  Even if under the new dispensation he wears European trousers, he must have a piece of goat’s skin underneath.  Married women wear a tail of strings behind.”  It is very bad manners for a woman to serve food to her husband without putting on this tail. (Sir H.H.  Johnston, Uganda Protectorate, vol. ii, p. 781.)

Mrs. French-Sheldon remarks that the Masai and other East African tribes, with regard to menstruation, “observe the greatest delicacy, and are more than modest.” (Journal of the Anthropological Institute, 1894, p. 383.)

At the same time the Masai, among whom the penis is of enormous size, consider it disreputable to conceal that member, and in the highest degree reputable to display it, even ostentatiously. (Sir H.H.  Johnston, Kilima-njaro Expedition, p. 413.)

Among the African Dinka, who are scrupulously clean and delicate (smearing themselves with burnt cows’ dung, and washing themselves daily with cows’ urine), and are exquisite cooks, reaching in many respects a higher stage of civilization, in Schweinfurth’s opinion, than is elsewhere attained in Africa, only the women wear aprons.  The neighboring tribes of the red soil—­Bongo, Mittoo, Niam-Niam, etc.—­are called “women” by the Dinka, because among these tribes the men wear an apron, while the women obstinately refuse to wear any clothes whatsoever of skin or stuff, going into the woods every day, however, to get a supple bough for a girdle, with, perhaps, a bundle of fine grass.  (Schweinfurth, Heart of Africa, vol. i, pp. 152, etc.)

Lombroso and Carrara, examining some Dinka negroes brought from the White Nile, remark:  “As to their psychology, what struck us first was the exaggeration of their modesty; not in a single case would the men allow us to examine their genital organs or the women their breasts; we examined the tattoo-marks on the chest of one of the women, and she remained sad and irritable for two days afterward.”  They add that in sexual and all other respects these