he adds, and certainly in every harem, may be found a wax penis to which many hours of solitude are devoted.  Throughout the East, as Eram, speaking from a long medical experience, has declared, masturbation is very prevalent, especially among young girls.  In Egypt, according to Sonnini, it is prevalent in harems.  In India, a medical correspondent tells me, he once treated the widow of a wealthy Mohammedan, who informed him that she began masturbation at an early age, “just like all other women.”  The same informant tells me that on the facade of a large temple in Orissa are bas-reliefs, representing both men and women, alone, masturbating, and also women masturbating men.  Among the Tamils of Ceylon masturbation is said to be common.  In Cochin China, Lorion remarks, it is practiced by both sexes, but especially by the married women.[188] Japanese women have probably carried the mechanical arts of auto-erotism to the highest degree of perfection.  They use two hollow balls about the size of a pigeon’s egg (sometimes one alone is used), which, as described by Joest, Christian, and others,[189] are made of very thin leaf of brass; one is empty, the other (called the little man) contains a small heavy metal ball, or else some quicksilver, and sometimes metal tongues which vibrate when set in movement; so that if the balls are held in the hand side by side there is a continuous movement.  The empty one is first introduced into the vagina in contact with the uterus, then the other; the slightest movement of the pelvis or thighs, or even spontaneous movement of the organs, causes the metal ball (or the quicksilver) to roll, and the resulting vibration produces a prolonged voluptuous titillation, a gentle shock as from a weak electric inductive apparatus; the balls are called rin-no-tama, and are held in the vagina by a paper tampon.  The women who use these balls delight to swing themselves in a hammock or rocking-chair, the delicate vibration of the balls slowly producing the highest degree of sexual excitement.  Joest mentions that this apparatus, though well known by name to ordinary girls, is chiefly used by the more fashionable geishas, as well as by prostitutes.  Its use has now spread to China, Annam, and India.  Japanese women also, it is said, frequently use an artificial penis of paper or clay, called e.g..  Among the Atjeh, again, according to Jacobs (as quoted by Ploss), the young of both sexes masturbate and the elder girls use an artificial penis of wax.  In China, also, the artificial penis—­made of rosin, supple and (like the classical instrument described by Herondas) rose-colored—­is publicly sold and widely used by women.[190]