584.  L’Afrique de Marmol.  Paris, 1669. 3 vols. 4to.—­This translation, by D’Ablancourt, of a very scarce Portuguese writer, is not made with fidelity.  The subsequent discoveries in Africa have detailed several inaccuracies in Marmol; but it is nevertheless a valuable work:  the original was published in the middle of the sixteenth century.

585.  Geschichte der neuestin Portugeiesischen Entdeckungen en Africa, von 1410, bis 1460.  Von M.C.  Sprengel.  Halle, 1783. 8vo.—­This account of the discoveries of Prince Henry is drawn up with much judgment and learning.

586.  Neue Beitrage zur Keuntniss von Africa.  Von J.R.  Forster.  Berlin, 1794. 2 vols. 8vo.

587.  Neue Systematescke Erd-beschriebung von Africa.  Von Bruns.  Nurem. 1793-99. 6 vols. 8vo.—­A most valuable work on Africa in general.

THE NORTH OF AFRICA.

Those portions of Africa which are washed by the Mediterranean sea, possess strong and peculiar attractions for the traveller.  It is only necessary to name Egypt, to call up associations with the most remote antiquity,—­knowledge, civilization, and arts, at a period when the rest of the world had scarcely, as it were, burst into existence.  From the earliest records to the present day, Egypt has never ceased to be an interesting country, and to afford rich materials for the labours, learning, and researches of travellers.  The rest of the Mediterranean coast of Africa, where Carthage first exhibited to the world the wonderful resources of Commerce, and Rome established some of her most valuable and rich possessions, are clothed with an interest and importance scarcely inferior to that which Egypt claims and enjoys.  While the countries on the north-east, washed by the Red Sea, in addition to sources of interest and importance common to them, and to Egypt and Barbary, are celebrated on account of their having witnessed and assisted the first maritime commercial intercourse between Asia, and Africa, and Europe.

588.  Relation d’un Voyage de Barbarie, fait a Alger, pour la Redemption des Captifs.  Paris, 1616. 8vo.

589.  Relation de la Captivite a Alger d’Emmanuel d’Arande.  Paris, 1665. 16mo.—­This work, originally published in Spanish, contains, as well as the preceding one, some curious particulars regarding the manners of Algiers, especially the court, in the middle of the seventeenth century.

590.  Voyage en Barbarie, 1785-88, par Poiret.  Paris, 1789. 2 vols. 8vo.—­This work, which was translated into English in 1791, is chiefly confined to that part of Barbary which constituted the ancient Numidia, and is interesting from the picture it exhibits of the Bedouin Arabs, and from the details into which it enters regarding the natural history of the country, especially the botany.

591.  Relations des Royaumes de Fez et de Maroc, traduites de Castellan de Diego Torrez.  Paris, 1636. 4to.