129.  Irwin’s Adventures in a Voyage up the Red Sea; and a Route through the Thebaid hitherto unknown, in the year 1779.  London, 4to. and 8vo.—­Chiefly valuable for the information which his personal adventures necessarily gives of the manners, &c. of the Arabians.

130.  Memoirs and Travels of Count Beniousky.  London, 1790. 2 vols. 4to.—­Amidst much that is trifling, and more that is doubtful, this work contains some curious and authentic information, especially relating to Kamschatka and Madagascar:  what he states on the subject of his communications with Japan, is very suspicious.

131.  Travels in Africa, Egypt, and Syria.  By W.G.  Browne.  London, 1799. 4to.—­A most valuable work, and except in some few peculiarities of the author, a model for travellers:  it is particularly instructive in what relates to Darfour.

132.  Travels in Asia and Africa.  By A. Parsons. 4to. 1809.—­These travels were performed in 1772—­78:  they indicate good sense, and are evidently the result of attentive and careful observation and enquiry.  From Scanderoon to Aleppo; over the desert to Bagdat:  a voyage from Bussora to Bombay, and along the west coast of India; from Bombay to Mocha; and a journey from Suez to Cairo, are the principal contents.

133.  Travels.  By John Lewis Burckhardt.  Vol.1.  Nubia; vol. 2.  Syria and the Holy Land; vol.3, in the Hedjaz. 1823. 4to.—­Few travellers have done more for geography than this author:  antiquities, manners, customs, &c., were examined and investigated by him, with a success which could only have been ensured by such zeal, perseverance, and judgment as he evidently possessed.

134.  Lord Valentia’s Travels in India.  Ceylon, the Red Sea, Abyssinia, and Egypt. 1802-6. 3 vols. 4to.—­It is not possible for a person to travel so long, in such countries, without collecting information of a novel and important kind:  such there is in this work on antiquities, geography, manners, &c.; but it might all have been comprised in one third of the size.

135.  Travels along the Mediterranean and Parts adjacent, 1816-17-18, extending as far as the second Cataract of the Nile, Jerusalem, Damascus, Balbec, &c.  By Robert Richardson, M.D. 1822. 2 vols. 8vo.—­Much information may be gleaned from these volumes; but there is a want of judgment, taste, and life in the narrative.

136.  Travels in Morocco, Tripoli, Cyprus, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, and Turkey. 1803-7.  By Ali Bey. 3 vols. 4to.—­This traveller procured access to many places, in his assumed character, to which Christians were not permitted to go:  from this cause the travels are instructive and curious; but they certainly disappointed the expectations of the public.

137.  Ludovici Patricii Romani Itinerarium Novum Ethiopiae, Egypti, utriusque Arabiae, Persidis, Syriae, ac Indiae ultra citraque Gangem.  Milan, 1511. fol.—­This work is supposed to have been written originally in Italian.  In the Spanish translation, published in Lisbon, 1576, the author’s name is given, Barthema.  This a very curious and rare work.  It has been translated into German and Dutch.