of most of its governments.  As might be expected from such a large tract of country, the productions of Germany are various.  Saxony supplies for exportation, wool of the finest quality, corn, copper, cobalt, and other metals, thread, linen-lace, porcelain, &c.  Hanover is principally distinguished for its mines, which supply metals for exportation.  The chief riches of Bavaria arise from its corn and cattle:  these, with pottery, glass, linen, and silk, are the exports of Wurtemburgh.  Prussia Proper affords few things for exportation:  the corn of her Polish provinces has been already mentioned, as affording the principal export from Dantzic.  Silesia supplies linen to foreign countries.  Austria, and its dependant states, export quicksilver, and other metals, besides cattle, corn, and wine.

The commerce of the Netherlands, including Holland, though far inferior in extent and importance to what it formerly was, is still not inconsiderable.  Indeed, the situation of Holland, nearly all the towns and villages of which have a communication with the sea, either by rivers or canals, and through some part of the territory of which the great rivers Rhine, Meuse, and Scheld empty themselves into the sea, must always render it commercial.  The principal ports of the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Antwerp.  The exports of the Netherlands consist either of its own produce and manufactures, or of those which are brought to it from the interior of Germany:  of the former, butter, cheese, madder, clover-seed, toys, &c. constitute the most important; from Germany, by means of the Rhine, vast floats of timber are brought.  The principal imports of the Netherlands, both for her own use and for the supply of Germany, consist of Baltic produce, English goods, colonial produce, wines, fruits, oil, &c.

There is perhaps no country in Europe which possesses greater advantages for commerce than France:  a large extent of sea coast, both on the Atlantic and the Mediterranean; excellent harbours; a rich soil and genial climate, adapted to a great variety of valuable productions; and some manufactures very superior in their workmanship,—­all these present advantages seldom found united.  Add to these her colonial possessions, and we shall certainly be surprized that her commerce should ever have been second, to that of any other country in Europe.  Prior to the revolution it was certainly great; but during and since that period it was and is vastly inferior to the commerce of Great Britain, and even to that of the United States.

The extent of sea coast on the Atlantic is 283 leagues, and on the Mediterranean eighty leagues:  the rivers are numerous, but none of the first class.  The canal of Languedoc, though from its connecting the Atlantic and the Mediterranean it would naturally be supposed highly advantageous to commerce, is not so; or rather, it is not turned to the advantage to which it might be applied.  In England such a canal