used to respect, or to make us prefer the fables of the Hindoos or Guebres, to the fables of the Greeks.  Whatever difficulties may occur in the return of the Argonauts, their voyage to Colchis is consistent:  it contains more real geography than has yet been discovered in any record of the Bramins or the Zendevesta, and is truth itself, both geographical and historical, when compared with the portentous expedition of Ram to Ceylon.”

In discussing the subject of the Argonautic expedition, we shall successively consider its probable era—­its supposed object—­the voyage to Colchis, and the various tracks by which the Argonauts are said to have returned.

I. Archbishop Usher fixes the era of this expedition at about 1280 years before Christ:  Sir Isaac Newton, on the other hand, fixes it much later, about 937 years before Christ.  His opinion is grounded principally on a supposition, that the Greek sphere was invented by two of the Argonauts, who delineated the expedition under the name of Argo, one of the constellations.  And as the equinoctial colure passed through the middle of Aries, when that sphere was constructed, he infers, by calculations of their retrograde motion from their place then till the year A.D. 1690, that the expedition took place in 937 before Christ.  To this, however, there seem to be insurmountable objections, which it is surprising did not occur to this great man.  The chief star in Argo is only 37 degrees from the south pole; and the greatest part of the constellation is much nearer.  The course of the Argonauts from Greece to Colchis, necessarily lay between 39 and 45 degrees of north latitude.  It will be evident to any person acquainted with astronomy, that within these latitudes no star of the first magnitude, or such as would attract observation, especially in those times, could be visible.  But, what is still more decisive against the whole of Sir Isaac Newton’s hypothesis, he takes for granted that the sphere was invented by the Argonauts:  if this indeed could be proved, it would be easy to fix the era of the Argonautic expedition; but till such proof is given, all that can be fairly inferred from an inspection of this sphere is, that it was constructed 937 years before Christ.  We have dwelt upon this point, because, thinking that the Argonautic expedition was not nearly so late as Newton supposes, we hence regard it as, proportionally to its antiquity, more creditable to the Greeks, and a stronger proof of their advancement in maritime skill and enterprize.

II.  Its alleged object was the Golden Fleece:  what that actually was can only be conjectured;—­that no commercial advantages would tempt the people of that age is obvious, when we reflect on their habits and manners;—­that the precious metals would be a powerful attraction, and would be regarded as cheaply acquired by the most hazardous enterprizes, is equally obvious.  If Sir Walter Raleigh, sound as he was for his era in the science of political