See A.F.  Lievre, Angouleme:  histoire, institutions et monuments (Angouleme, 1885).

ANGOUMOIS, an old province of France, nearly corresponding to-day to the department of Charente.  Its capital was Angouleme.

See Essai d’une bibliotheque historique de l’Angoumois, by E. Castaigne (1845).

ANGRA, or ANGRA DO HEROISMO ("Bay of Heroism,” a name given it in 1829, to commemorate its successful defence against the Miguelist party), the former capital of the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores, and chief town of an administrative district, comprising the islands of Terceira, St. George and Graciosa.  Pop. (1900) 10,788.  Angra is built on the south coast of Terceira in 38 deg. 38’ N. and in 27 deg. 13’ W. It is the headquarters of a military command, and the residence of a Roman Catholic bishop; its principal buildings are the cathedral, military college, arsenal and observatory.  The harbour, now of little commercial or strategic importance, but formerly a celebrated naval station, is sheltered on the west and south-west by the promontory of Mt.  Brazil; but it is inferior to the neighbouring ports of Ponta Delgada and Horta.  The foreign trade is not large, and consists chiefly in the exportation of pineapples and other fruit.  Angra served as a refuge for Queen Maria II. of Portugal from 1830 to 1833.

ANGRA PEQUENA, a bay in German South-West Africa, in 26 deg. 38’ S., 15 deg.  E., discovered by Bartholomew Diaz in 1487.  F.A.E.  Luederitz, of Bremen, established a trading station here in 1883, and his agent concluded treaties with the neighbouring chiefs, who ceded large tracts of country to the newcomers.  On the 24th of April 1884 Luderitz transferred his rights to the German imperial government, and on the following 7th of August a German protectorate over the district was proclaimed. (See AFRICA, Sec.5, and GERMAN SOUTH-WEST AFRICA.) Angra Pequena has been renamed by the Germans Luederitz Bay, and the adjacent country is sometimes called Luederitzland.  The harbour is poor.  At the head of the bay is a small town, whence a railway, begun in 1906, runs east in the direction of Bechuanaland.  The surrounding country for many miles is absolute desert, except after rare but terrible thunderstorms, when the dry bed of the Little Fish river is suddenly filled with a turbulent stream, the water finding its way into the bay.

The islands off the coast of Angra Pequena, together with others north and south, were annexed to Great Britain in 1867 and added to Cape Colony in 1874.  Seal Island and Penguin Island are in the bay; Ichaboe, Mercury, and Hollam’s Bird islands are to the north; Halifax, Long, Possession, Albatross, Pomona, Plumpudding, and Roastbeef islands are to the south.  On these islands are guano deposits; the most valuable is on Ichaboe Island.