his success.  A conjuring-house having been erected in the usual form, that is by sticking four willows in the ground and tying their tops to a hoop at the height of six or eight feet, he was fettered completely by winding several fathoms of rope round his body and extremities and placed in its narrow apartment, not exceeding two feet in diameter.  A moose-skin being then thrown over the frame secluded him from our view.  He forthwith began to chant a kind of hymn in a very monotonous tone.  The rest of the Indians, who seemed in some doubt respecting the powers of a devil when put in competition with those of a white man, ranged themselves around and watched the result with anxiety.  Nothing remarkable occurred for a long time.  The conjurer continued his song at intervals and it was occasionally taken up by those without.  In this manner an hour and a half elapsed; but at length our attention, which had begun to flag, was roused by the violent shaking of the conjuring-house.  It was instantly whispered round the circle that at least one devil had crept under the moose-skin.  But it proved to be only the “God-like man” trembling with cold.  He had entered the lists stripped to the skin and the thermometer stood very low that evening.  His attempts were continued however with considerable resolution for half an hour longer, when he reluctantly gave in.  He had found no difficulty in slipping through the noose when it was formed by his countrymen; but in the present instance the knot was tied by Governor Williams who is an expert sailor.  After this unsuccessful exhibition his credit sunk amazingly, and he took the earliest opportunity of sneaking away from the fort.

About two years ago a conjurer paid more dearly for his temerity.  In a quarrel with an Indian he threw out some obscure threats of vengeance which passed unnoticed at the time but were afterwards remembered.  They met in the spring at Carlton House after passing the winter in different parts of the country, during which the Indian’s child died.  The conjurer had the folly to boast that he had caused its death and the enraged father shot him dead on the spot.  It may be remarked however that both these Indians were inhabitants of the plains and had been taught, by their intercourse with the turbulent Stone Indians, to set but comparatively little value on the life of a man.

It might be thought that the Crees have benefited by their long intercourse with civilised nations.  That this is not so much the case as it ought to be is not entirely their own fault.  They are capable of being and, I believe, willing to be, taught; but no pains have hitherto been taken to inform their minds,* and their white acquaintances seem in general to find it easier to descend to the Indian customs and modes of thinking, particularly with respect to women, than to attempt to raise the Indians to theirs.  Indeed such a lamentable want of morality has been displayed by the white traders in their contests for