the Crees the causes alluded to must operate strongly in producing a considerable difference of character amongst the various hordes.  It may be proper to bear in mind also that we are about to draw the character of a people whose only rule of conduct is public opinion and to try them by a morality founded on divine revelation, the only standard that can be referred to by those who have been educated in a land to which the blessings of the Gospel have extended.

Bearing these considerations in mind then we may state the Crees to be a vain, fickle, improvident, and indolent race, and not very strict in their adherence to truth, being great boasters; but on the other hand they strictly regard the rights of property,* are susceptible of the kinder affections, capable of friendship, very hospitable, tolerably kind to their women, and withal inclined to peace.

(Footnote.  This is perhaps true of the Cumberland House Crees alone:  many of the other tribes of Crees are stated by the traders to be thieves.)

Much of the faulty part of their character no doubt originates in their mode of life; accustomed as a hunter to depend greatly on chance for his subsistence the Cree takes little thought of tomorrow; and the most offensive part of his behaviour—­the habit of boasting—­has been probably assumed as a necessary part of his armour which operates upon the fears of his enemies.  They are countenanced however in this failing by the practice of the ancient Greeks, and perhaps by that of every other nation in its ruder state.  Every Cree fears the medical or conjuring powers of his neighbour, but at the same time exalts his own attainments to the skies.  “I am God-like,” is a common expression amongst them, and they prove their divinity-ship by eating live coals and by various tricks of a similar nature.  A medicine bag is an indispensable part of a hunter’s equipment.  It is generally furnished with a little bit of indigo, blue vitriol, vermilion, or some other showy article, and is, when in the hands of a noted conjurer, such an object of terror to the rest of the tribe that its possessor is enabled to fatten at his ease upon the labours of his deluded countrymen.

A fellow of this description came to Cumberland House in the winter of 1819.  Notwithstanding the then miserable state of the Indians the rapacity of this wretch had been preying upon their necessities, and a poor hunter was actually at the moment pining away under the influence of his threats.  The mighty conjurer, immediately on his arrival at the House, began to trumpet forth his powers, boasting among other things that, although his hands and feet were tied as securely as possible yet, when placed in a conjuring house, he would speedily disengage himself by the aid of two or three familiar spirits who were attendant on his call.  He was instantly taken at his word and, that his exertions might not be without an aim, a capot or great coat was promised as the reward of