I refuse to live by the favor of a tyrant. Still,
as there are three hundred others for whom you are
to intercede, let us see what can be done with the
speech.” This business finished, he took
an affectionate leave of his friend, commending to
his good offices his son and his friends. On
his son he laid a strict injunction not to meddle
with public life. Such a part as was worthy of
the name of Cato no man could take again; to take
any other would be shameful. Then followed the
bath, and after the bath, dinner, to which he had invited
a number of friends, magistrates of the town.
He sat at the meal, instead of reclining. This
had been his custom ever since the fated day of Pharsalia.
After dinner, over the wine, there was much learned
talk, and this not other than cheerful in tone.
But when the conversation happened to turn on one
of the favorite maxims of the Stoics, “Only the
good man is free; the bad are slaves,” Cato expressed
himself with an energy and even a fierceness that
made the company suspect some terrible resolve.
The melancholy silence that ensued warned the speaker
that he had betrayed himself, and he hastened to remove
the suspicion by talking on other topics. After
dinner he took his customary walk, gave the necessary
orders to the officers on guard, and then sought his
chamber. Here he took up the Phaedo, the famous
dialogue in which Socrates, on the day when he is
to drink the poison, discusses the immortality of the
soul. He had almost finished the book, when, chancing
to turn his eyes upwards, he perceived that his sword
had been removed. His son had removed it while
he sat at dinner. He called a slave and asked,
“Who has taken my sword?” As the man said
nothing, he resumed his book; but in the course of
a few minutes, finding that search was not being made,
he asked for the sword again. Another interval
followed; and still it was not forthcoming. His
anger was now roused. He vehemently reproached
the slaves, and even struck one of them with his fist,
which he injured by the blow. “My son and
my slaves,” he said, “are betraying me
to the enemy.” He would listen to no entreaties,
“Am I a madman,” he said, “that
I am stripped of my arms? Are you going to bind
my hands and give me up to Caesar? As for the
sword I can do without it; I need but hold my breath
or dash my head against the wall. It is idle to
think that you can keep a man of my years alive against
his will.” It was felt to be impossible
to persist in the face of this determination, and a
young slave-boy brought back the sword. Cato
felt the weapon, and finding that the blade was straight
and the edge perfect, said, “Now I am my own
master.” He then read the Phaedo again from
beginning to end, and afterwards fell into so profound
a sleep that persons standing outside the chamber
heard his breathing. About midnight he sent for
his physician and one of his freedmen. The freedman
was commissioned to inquire whether his friends had
set sail. The physician he asked to bind up his