allows is that he may have | that such a sentence is opposed to suffered martyrdom.” (P. 169.) | all historical data of the reign of | Trajan, and to all that is known of | his character and principles; and | that the whole of the statements | regarding the supposed journey | directly discredit the story.  The | argument is much too long and | elaborate to reproduce here, but I | shall presently make use of some | parts of it. | “3.  Baur, Gesch. chr.  Kirche, | “Ibid., Gesch. chr.  Kirche, 1863, 1863, i. p. 440, Anm. 1. | i. p. 440, Anm. 1. | “’Die Verurtheilung ad bestias | “The reality is ‘wohl nur’ that in und die Abfuehrung dazu nach Rom | the year 115, when Trajan wintered ... mag auch unter Trajan nichts | in Antioch, Ignatius suffered zu ungewoehnliches gewesen sein, | martyrdom in Antioch itself, as a aber ... bleibt ie Geschichte | sacrifice to popular fury seines Maertyrerthums auch nach | consequent on the earthquake of der Vertheidigung derselben von | that year.  The rest was developed Lipsius ... hoechst | out of the reference to Trajan for unwahrscheinlich.  Das Factische | the glorification of martyrdom.” ist wohl nur dass Ignatius im J. | 115, als Trajan in Antiochien | ueberwinterte, in Folge des | Erdbebens in diesem Jahr, in | Antiochien selbst als ein Opfer | der Volkswuth zum Maertyrer | wurde.’ | | 4.  Davidson:  see above. | Davidson, Introd.  N.T., p. 19. | | “All (the Epistles) are posterior | to Ignatius himself, who was not | thrown to the wild beasts in the | amphitheatre at Rome by command of | Trajan, but at Antioch, on December | 20th, A.D. 115.” | 5.  Scholten:  see above. | Scholten, Die aelt.  Zeugnisse, | p. 51 f.  The Ignatian Epistles are | declared to be spurious for various | reasons, but partly “because they | mention a martyr-journey of Ignatius | to Rome, the unhistorical character | of which, already earlier recognised | (see Baur, Urspr. des Episc. 1838, | p. 147 ff., Die Ign.  Briefe, 1848; | Schwegler, Nachap.  Zeitalt. ii. | p. 159 ff.; Hilgenfeld, Apost. | Vaeter, p. 210 ff.; Reville, | Le Lien, 1856, Nos. 18-22), is | made all the more probable by | Volkmar’s not groundless conjecture. | According to it Ignatius is reported | to have become the prey of wild beasts | on the 20th December, 115, not in the | amphitheatre in Rome by the order of | the mild Trajan, but in Antioch | itself, as the victim of superstitious | popular fury consequent on an | earthquake which occurred on the | 13th December of that year.” | 6.  “Francke, Zur Gesch. | “Cf.  Francke, Zur Gesch.  Trajan’s_, Trajan’s_, 1840 [1837], p. 253 f. | 1840.  This is a mere comparative [A discussion of the date of the | reference to establish the important beginning of Trajan’s Parthian | point of the date of the Parthian war, which he fixes in A.D. 115, | war and Trajan’s visit to Antioch.