Of the Apocalypse I say: “The language in
which the book is written is the most Hebraistic Greek
of the New Testament;” [28:1] and further on:
“The barbarous Hebraistic Greek and abrupt,
inelegant diction are natural to the unlettered fisherman
of Galilee.” [28:2] Of the Gospel I say:
“Instead of the Hebraistic Greek and harsh diction
which might be expected from the unlettered and ignorant
[28:3] fisherman of Galilee, we find, in the fourth
Gospel, the purest and least Hebraistic Greek of any
of the Gospels (some parts of the third synoptic,
perhaps, alone excepted), and a refinement and beauty
of composition whose charm has captivated the world,”
&c. [28:4] In another place I say: “The
language in which the Gospel is written, as we have
already mentioned, is much less Hebraic than that of
the other Gospels, with the exception, perhaps, of
parts of the Gospel according to Luke, and its Hebraisms
are not on the whole greater than was almost invariably
the case with Hellenistic Greek; but its composition
is distinguished by peculiar smoothness, grace, and
beauty, and in this respect it is assigned the first
rank amongst the Gospels.” [28:5] I believe
that I do not say another word as to the texture of
the language of the fourth Gospel, and it will be
observed that my remarks are almost wholly limited
to the comparative quality of the Greek of the fourth
Gospel, on the one hand, and the Apocalypse and Synoptics
on the other, and that they do not exclude Hebraisms.
The views expressed might be supported by numberless
authorities. As Dr. Lightfoot accuses me of “wholly
ignoring” the results at which Luthardt and others
have arrived, I will quote what Luthardt says of the
two works: “The difference of the language,
as well in regard to grammar and style as to doctrine,
is, of course, in a high degree remarkable ...
As regards grammar, the Gospel is written in
correct, the Apocalypse in incorrect Greek.”
He argues that this is a consequence of sovereign
freedom in the latter, and that from the nature of
the composition the author of the Apocalypse wrote
in an artificial style, and could both have spoken
and written otherwise. “The errors are
not errors of ignorance, but intentional emancipations
from the rules of grammar” (!), in imitation
of ancient prophetic style. Presently he proceeds:
“If, then, on the one hand, the Apocalypse is
written in worse Greek and less correctly than its
author was able to speak and write, the question,
on the hand, is, whether the Gospel is not in too
good Greek to be credited to a born Jew and Palestinian.”
Luthardt maintains “that the style of the Gospel
betrays the born Jew, and certainly not the Greek,”
but the force which he intends to give to all this
reasoning is clearly indicated by the conclusion at
which he finally arrives, that “the linguistic
gulf between the Gospel and the Apocalypse is not
impassable.” [29:1] This result from so staunch
an apologist, obviously to minimise the Hebraic character