do not come under that description. The northern
isle of New Zealand, on a coast of near four hundred
leagues, contains scarcely one hundred thousand
inhabitants, according to the most probable guess
which can be made; a number inconsiderable for that
vast space of country, even allowing the settlements
to be confined only to the sea-shore. The
great abundance of fish, and the beginnings of
agriculture in the Bay of Plenty, and other parts of
the Northern Isle, are more than sufficient to
maintain this number, because they have always
had enough to supply strangers with what was deemed
superfluous. It is true, before the dawn of the
arts among them, before the invention of nets,
and before the cultivation of potatoes, the means
of subsistence may have been more difficult, but then
the number of inhabitants must likewise have been infinitely
smaller. Single instances are not conclusive
in this case, though they prove how far the wants
cf the body may stimulate mankind to extraordinary
actions. In 1772, during a famine which happened
throughout all Germany, a herdsman was taken on
the manor of Baron Boineburg, in Hessia, who had
been urged by hunger to kill and devour a boy,
and afterwards to make a practice of it for several
months. From his confession, it appeared,
that he looked upon the flesh of young children
as a very delicious food; and the gestures of the New
Zealanders indicated exactly the same thing.
An old woman, in the province of Matogrosso, in
Brazil, declared to the Portuguese governor, M.
de Pinto, afterwards ambassador at the British court,
that she had eaten human flesh several times, liked
it very much, and should be very glad to feast
upon it again, especially if it was part of a
little boy. But it would be absurd to suppose
from such circumstances, that killing men for
the sake of feasting upon them, has ever been
the spirit of a whole nation; because it is utterly
incompatible with the existence of society.
Slight causes have ever produced the most remarkable
events among mankind, and the most trifling quarrels
have fired their minds with incredible inveteracy
against each other. Revenge has always been
a strong passion among barbarians, who are less
subject to the sway of reason, than civilized people,
and has stimulated them to a degree of madness, which
is capable of all kinds of excesses. The
people who first consumed the body of their enemies,
seem to have been bent upon exterminating their very
inanimate remains, from an excess of passion; but,
by degrees, finding the meat wholesome and palatable,
it is not to be wondered at that they should make
a practice of eating their enemies as often as they
killed any, since the action of eating human flesh,
whatever our education may teach us to the contrary,
is certainly neither unnatural nor criminal in
itself. It can only become dangerous as far as
it steels the mind against that compassionate
fellow-feeling, which is the great basis of society;
and for this reason, we find it naturally banished