which we do not meet with at Tonga-tabboo. There
the coral rock is covered only with a thin bed
of mould, which sparingly affords nourishment
to all sorts of trees; and the most useful of all,
the bread-fruit tree, thrives imperfectly on the
island, as it is destitute of water, except when
a genial shower happens to impregnate and fertilize
the ground. The labour of the natives is therefore
greater than that of the Otaheitans, and accounts
for the regularity of the plantations, and the
accurate division of property. It is likewise
to this source we must ascribe it, that they have always
set a higher value on their provisions than on
their tools, dresses, ornaments, and weapons,
though many of these must have cost them infinite
time and application. They very justly conceive
the articles of food to be their principal riches,
of which the loss is absolutely not to be remedied.
If we observed their bodies more slender, and their
muscles harder than those of the Otaheitans, this seems
to be the consequence of a greater and more constant
exertion of strength. Thus, perhaps, they
become industrious by force of habit, and when agriculture
does not occupy them, they are actuated to employ their
vacant hours in the fabrication of that variety
of tools and instruments on which they bestow
so much time, patience, labour, and ingenuity.
This industrious turn has also led them, in the cultivation
of all their arts, to so much greater perfection
than the Otaheitans. By degrees they have
hit upon new inventions, and introduced an active
spirit, and enlivening cheerfulness even into their
amusements. Their happiness of temper they
preserve under a political constitution, which
does not appear to be very favourable to liberty; but
we need not go so far from home to wonder at such
a phenomenon, when one of the most enslaved people
in all Europe (the French, no doubt, are intended;
this was published in 1777,) are characterised as the
merriest and most facetious of mankind. Still
there may be more sincerity in the cheerfulness
of the natives of Tonga-tabboo, for, exclusive
of great and almost servile submission, their king
does not seem to exact any thing from them, which,
by depriving them of the means to satisfy the
most indispensable wants of nature, could make them
miserable. Be this as it may, so much seems to
be certain, that their systems of politics and
religion, from their similarity with the Otaheitan,
as far as we could judge, must have had one common
origin, perhaps in the mother country, from whence
both these colonies issued. Single dissonant
customs and opinions may have acceded to the primitive
ideas, in proportion as various accidents, or human
caprices, have given rise to them. The affinity
of their languages is still more decisive.
The greatest part of the necessaries of life, common
to both groups of islands, the parts of the body, in
short, the most obvious and universal ideas, were
expressed at the Society and Friendly Isles, nearly