maroon and has a stronger frame than the pointer of twenty years ago.  The Italian brachs are heavy, with lighter varieties, usually white and orange color, more rarely roan, and provided with dew-claws, this being a sign of purity of breed according to Italian fanciers.  The German brachs are of the type of the old brach, with a stiff white and maroon coat, the latter color being so extensively distributed in spots on the white as to make the coat very dark.

[Illustration:  FIG 3.—­POINTER.]

Spaniels.—­The old type of spaniel has nearly disappeared, yet we still find a few families of it in France, especially in Picardy and perhaps in a few remote parts of Germany.  The old spaniel was of the same build as the brach, and differed from it in that the head, while being short-haired, was provided with ears clothed with long, wavy hair.  The same kind of hair also clothed the whole body up to the tail, where it constituted a beautiful tuft.  The Picard spaniel is a little lighter than the old spaniel.  It has large maroon blotches upon a white ground thickly spotted with maroon, with a touch of flame color on the cheeks, over the eyes, and on the legs.  The Pont-Andemer spaniel is a Norman variety, with very curly hair, almost entirely maroon colored, the white parts thickly spotted with a little color as in the Picard variety, and a characteristic forelock on the top of the head.

[Illustration:  FIG 4.—­ENGLISH SETTERS.]

In England, the spaniel has given rise to several varieties.  In the first place there are several sub-breeds of setters, viz.:  The English setter, still called laverack, which has large black or orange-colored blotches on the head, the rest of the body being entirely white, with numerous spots of the same color as the markings on the head (Fig. 4); the Irish setter, which is entirely of a bright yellowish mahogany color; and the Gordon setter, which is entirely black, with orange color on the cheeks, under the throat, within and at the extremity of the limbs (Fig. 5).  Next come the field spaniels, a group of terrier spaniels, which includes the Clumber spaniel, which is white and orange color; the Sussex spaniel, which is white and maroon; the black spaniel, which is wholly black; and the cocker, which is the smallest of all, and is entirely black, and white and maroon, or white and orange-colored, or tricolored.

[Illustration:  FIG 5.—­GORDON SETTER.]

Barbets and Griffons.—­To this latter category belong the dogs, par excellence, for hunting in swamps.  The barbets are entirely covered with long curly hair, like the poodles, which are directly derived from them.  They are white or gray, with large black or brown blotches.  The griffons differ from the poodles in their coarse and stiff hair, which never curls.  They have large brown blotches upon a white ground, which is much spotted or mixed, as in the color of the hair called roan.  There is