education) in the Department of Education there was really less scope and a more restricted field for women than in any other group of the Educational Department.  Of the five classes, to glance hastily over them—­i.e., class 7, colleges and universities; class 8, scientific, technical, and engineering schools; class 9, professional schools; class 10, libraries; class 11, museums—­only in class 7 and class 10 has woman gained for herself any distinctly marked footing.  In the other three classes, the hold she has acquired, from the very nature of the case, has been limited, but in every class of group 1 (elementary education), of group 2 (secondary education), of group 4 (special education in fine arts), of group 6 (special education in commerce and industry), of group 7 (education of defectives), of group 8 (special forms of education, text-books, etc.), she is the controlling force, and is very strong.

Inasmuch, however, as higher education has been considered less naturally her field, the steady advance she is making in it is the more noticeable and more striking, as shown at the World’s Fair of 1904.  In replying to the question of an approximate estimate of the proportionate number of exhibits by women in the five classes of group 3, I may venture to say it was near 37 per cent of the domestic and foreign exhibits, estimating the percentage of work exhibited by men and women as probably proportional to the respective number of each sex registered.  (See monographs on Education in United States.  See monographs on History and Origin of Public Education in Germany.  List of British Exhibits, Departments H and O.)

In giving the nature of the exhibits by women in the department of higher education we gladly state that they differed little from the exhibits by men, as the requirements called for in the circular of the department were identically the same for both.  It happened, however, possibly from being younger institutions and having less to show in the way of literature, libraries, histories, etc.; partly, also, from having a less liberal supply of money; also partly from a smaller sense of ambition and rivalry with other institutions, that the exhibits of Vassar, Bryn Mawr, and the other women’s colleges were smaller, less costly, and less elaborate both in materials and in installation than those of the men’s colleges.  The exhibits consisted largely of photographs, diagrams of statistics, prospectuses, and reports.  In the case of the English women’s colleges the showing was quite on a par with those of the men’s universities, as they were in every case a part of the same.  The American women’s colleges in addition showed charts, department work, special work, histories, publications, and models of buildings and grounds.

In the lesser foreign countries exhibits of art and needlework, though sometimes questionably under the head of higher education, were thus