Livingstone himself traveled twenty-nine thousand miles in Africa, and added to the known part of the globe about a million square miles.  He discovered Lakes ’Ngami, Shirwa, Nyassa, Moero, and Bangweolo; the upper Zambesi, and many other rivers; made known the wonderful Victoria Falls; also the high ridges flanking the depressed basin of the central plateau; he was the first European to traverse the whole length of Lake Tanganyika, and to give it its true orientation; he traversed in much pain and sorrow the vast watershed near Lake Bangweolo, and, through no fault of his own, just missed the information that would have set at rest all his surmises about the sources of the Nile.  His discoveries were never mere happy guesses or vague descriptions from the accounts of natives; each spot was determined with the utmost precision, though at the time his head might be giddy from fever or his body tormented with pain.  He strove after an accurate notion of the form and structure of the continent; Investigated its geology, hydrography, botany, and zooelogy; and grappled with the two great enemies of man and beast that prey on it—­fever and tsetse.  Yet all these were matters apart from the great business of his life.  In science he was neither amateur nor dilettante, but a careful, patient, laborious worker.  And hence his high position, and the respect he inspired in the scientific world.  Small men might peck and nibble at him, but the true kings of science,—­the Owens, Murchisons, Herschels, Sedgwicks, and Fergussons—­honored him the more the longer they knew him.  We miss an important fact in his life if we do not take note of the impression which he made on such men.

Last, but not least, we note the marvelous expansion of missionary enterprise in Africa since Livingstone’s death.  Though he used no sensational methods of appeal, he had a wonderful power to draw men to the mission field.  In his own quiet way, he not only enlisted recruits, but inspired them with the enthusiasm of their calling.  Not even Charles Simeon, during his long residence at Cambridge, sent more men to India than Livingstone drew to Africa in his brief visit to the Universities.  It seemed as if he suddenly awakened the minds of young men to a new view of the grand purposes of life.  Mr. Monk wrote to him truly, “That Cambridge visit of yours. lighted a candle which will NEVER, NEVER go out.”

At the time of his death there was no missionary at work in the great region of Shire and Nyassa on which his heart was so much set.  The first to take possession were his countrymen of Scotland.  The Livingstonia mission and settlement of the Free Church, planned by Dr. Stewart, of Lovedale, who had gone out to reconnoitre in 1863, and begun in 1875, has now three stations on the lake, and has won the highest commendation of such travelers as the late Consul Elton[80].  Much of the success of this enterprise is due to Livingstone’s old comrade, Mr. E.D.  Young, R.N., who led the party, and by his great experience