utmost coolness and most dauntless courage, would sometimes occur during the stage of depression after fever; it was then he had to extricate himself from savage warriors, who vowed that he must go back, unless he gave them an ox, a gun, or a man.  The ox he could ill spare, the gun not at all, and as for giving the last—­a man—­to make a slave of, he would sooner die.  At the best, he was a poor ragged skeleton when he reached those who had hearts to feel for him and hands to help him.  Had he not been a prodigy of patience, faith, and courage, had he not known where to find help in all time of his tribulation, he would never have reached the haunts of civilized men.

[Footnote 40:  The number of attacks was thirty-one.]

His traveling-kit was reduced to the smallest possible ilk; that he minded little, but he was vexed to be able to take so few books.  A few days after setting out, he writes in his private Journal;

“I feel the want of books in this journey more than anything else.  A Sichuana Pentateuch, a lined journal, Thomson’s Tables, a Nautical Almanac, and a Bible, constitute my stock.  The last constitutes my chief resource; but the want of other mental pabulum is felt severely.  There is little to interest in the conversation of the people.  Loud disputes often about the women, and angry altercations in which the same string of abuse is used, are more frequent than anything else.”

The “lined journal,” of which mention is made here, was probably the most wonderful thing of the kind ever taken on such a journey.  It is a strongly bound quarto volume of more then 800 pages, with a lock and key.  The writing is so neat and clear that it might almost be taken for lithograph.  Occasionally there is a page with letters beginning to sprawl, as if one of those times had come when he tells us that he-could neither think nor speak, nor tell any one’s name—­possibly not even his own, if he had been asked it.  He used to jot his observations on little note-books, and extend them when detained by rain or other causes.

The journal differs in some material respects from the printed record of this journey.  It is much more explicit in setting forth the bad treatment he often received.  When he spoke of these things to the public, he made constant use of the mantle of charity, and the record of many a bad deed and many a bad character is toned down.  Naturally, too, the journal is more explicit on the subject of his own troubles, and more free in recording the play of his feelings.  It does not hide the communings of his heart with his heavenly Father.  It is built up in a random-rubble style; here a solemn prayer, in the next line a note of lunar observations; then a dissertation on the habits of the hippopotamus.  Notes bearing on the character, the superstitions, and the feelings of the natives are of frequent occurrence.  The explanation is, that Livingstone put down everything as it came, reserving the arranging and digesting