CLEVELAND, JOHN (1613-1658).—­Poet, s. of an usher in a charity school, was b. at Loughborough, and ed. at Camb., where he became coll. tutor and lecturer on rhetoric at St. John’s, and was much sought after.  A staunch Royalist, he opposed the election of Oliver Cromwell as member for Camb. in the Long Parliament, and was in consequence ejected from his coll. in 1645.  Joining the King, by whom he was welcomed, he was appointed to the office of Judge Advocate at Newark.  In 1646, however, he was deprived of this, and wandered about the country dependent on the bounty of the Royalists.  In 1655 he was imprisoned at Yarmouth, but released by Cromwell, to whom he appealed, and went to London, where he lived in much consideration till his death.  His best work is satirical, giving a faint adumbration of Hudibras; his other poems, with occasional passages of great beauty, being affected and artificial.  The Poems were pub. in 1656.

CLINTON, HENRY FYNES (1781-1852).—­Chronologist, b. at Gamston, Notts, ed. at Southwell, Westminster, and Oxf., where he devoted himself chiefly to the study of Greek.  Brought into Parliament by the Duke of Newcastle in 1806, he took no active part in political life, and retired in 1826.  He bought in 1810 the estate of Welwyn, and there he entered upon wide and profound studies bearing upon classical chronology, and wrote various important treatises on the subject, viz., Fasti Hellenici, Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece, part i. (1824), part ii. (1827), part iii. (1830), part iv. (1841), Fasti Romani, Civil and Literary Chronology of Rome and Constantinople, vol. i. (1850), vol. ii. (1851), An Epitome of the Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece (1851), the same for Rome (1853).  He also wrote a tragedy, Solyman, which was a failure.

CLOUGH, ARTHUR HUGH (1819-1861).—­Poet, s. of a cotton merchant in Liverpool, he spent his childhood in America, but was sent back to England for his education, which he received at Rugby and Oxf.  While at the Univ., where he was tutor and Fellow of Oriel, he fell under the influence of Newman, but afterwards became a sceptic and resigned his Fellowship in 1848.  In the same year he pub. his poem, The Bothie of Tober-na-Vuolich, written in hexameters.  After travelling on the Continent for a year, he was in 1849 appointed Warden of Univ.  Hall, London.  In 1849 appeared Amours de Voyage, a rhymed novelette, and the more serious work, Dipsychus.  In 1854 he was appointed an examiner in the Education Office, and married.  His last appointment was as Sec. of a Commission on Military Schools, in connection with which he visited various countries, but was seized with illness, and d. at Florence.  C. was a man of singularly sincere character, with a passion for truth.  His poems, though full of fine and subtle thought, are, with the exception of some short lyrics, deficient in form, and the hexameters which he employed in The Bothie are often rough, though perhaps used as effectively as by any English verse-writer.  M. Arnold’s Thyrsis was written in memory of C.