TYTLER, ALEXANDER FRASER (1747-1813).—­Historian, s. of William T. (q.v.), studied at Edin., was called to the Bar in 1770 and raised to the Bench as Lord Woodhouselee in 1802.  He was Prof. of History in Edin., and wrote Elements of General History (1801), An Essay on the Principles of Translation (1791), besides various legal treatises.

TYTLER, PATRICK FRASER (1791-1849).—­Historian, s. of the above, studied at Edin., and was called to the Bar in 1813.  Among his many writings are an Essay on the History of the Moors in Spain, The Life of the Admirable Crichton (1819), History of Scotland (1828-43), and England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary (1839).  His History of Scotland, which was the result of 20 years of study and research, is still authoritative.

TYTLER, WILLIAM (1711-1792).—­Historical writer, was a lawyer in Edin., and wrote An Inquiry into the Evidence against Mary Queen of Scots, in which he combated the views of Robertson.  He discovered the King’s Quhair of James I., and pub. in 1783 The Poetical Remains of James I., King of Scotland, with a Life.

UDALL, NICOLAS (1505-1556).—­Dramatist and scholar, b. in Hampshire, and ed. at Oxf.  In 1534 he became headmaster of Eton, from which he was dismissed for misconduct, 1541.  In 1537 he became Vicar of Braintree, in 1551 of Calborne, Isle of Wight, and in 1554 headmaster of Westminster School.  He translated part of the Apophthegms of Erasmus, and assisted in making the English version of his Paraphrase of the New Testament.  Other translations were Peter Martyr’s Discourse on the Eucharist and Thomas Gemini’s Anatomia, but he is best remembered by Ralph Roister Doister (1553?), the first English comedy, a rude but lively piece.

UNDERDOWN, THOMAS (fl. 1566-1587).—­Translator.  He translated the AEthiopian History of Heliodorus 1566; also from Ovid.

UNDERWOOD, FRANCIS HENRY (1825-1894).—­Critic and biographer, b. in Massachusetts, was American Consul at Glasgow and Leith.  He wrote Hand-books of English Literature, Builders of American Literature, etc., some novels, Lord of Himself, Man Proposes, and Dr. Gray’s Quest, and biographies of Lowell, Longfellow, and Whittier.

URQUHART, SIR THOMAS (1611-1660).—­Eccentric writer and translator, was ed. at King’s Coll., Aberdeen, after leaving which he travelled in France, Spain, and Italy.  He was bitterly opposed to the Covenanters, and fought against them at Turriff in 1639.  His later life was passed between Scotland, England (where he was for some time a prisoner in the Tower), and the Continent, where he lived, 1642-45.  A man of considerable ability and learning, his vanity and eccentricity verged upon insanity, and he is said to have d. from the effects of an uncontrollable