TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808-1876).—­Novelist, b. at Liverpool, s. of a merchant there.  When still a boy went out to a mercantile situation in Calcutta, but in 1826 got a commission in the army of the Nizam of Hyderabad.  From this he rose to a high civil position in the service of the Nizam, and entirely reorganised his government.  He wrote several striking novels dealing with Indian life, including Confessions of a Thug (1639), Tara, and A Noble Queen.  He left an autobiography, The Story of my Life, ed. by his dau.

TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835).—­Translator, b. in London and ed. at St. Paul’s School, devoted himself to the study of the classics and of mathematics.  After being a bank clerk he was appointed Assistant Secretary to the Society for the encouragement of Arts, etc., in which capacity he made many influential friends, who furnished the means for publishing his various translations, which include works of Plato, Aristotle, Proclus, Porphyry, Apuleius, etc.  His aim indeed was the translation of all the untranslated writings of the ancient Greek philosophers.

TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880).—­Dramatist, b. at Sunderland, ed. at Glasgow and Camb., and was Prof. of English Literature in London Univ. from 1845-47.  In 1846 he was called to the Bar, and from 1854-71 he was Sec. to the Local Government Board.  He was the author of about 100 dramatic pieces, original and adapted, including Still Waters run Deep, The Overland Route, and Joan of Arc.  He was likewise a large contributor to Punch, of which he was ed. 1874-80, and he ed. the autobiographies of Haydon and Leslie, the painters, and wrote Life and Times of Sir Joshua Reynolds.

TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836).—­Translator, etc., s. of a merchant, travelled on the Continent, learned German, and became an enthusiastic student of German literature, which he was one of the first to introduce to his fellow-countrymen.  His articles on the subject were coll. and pub. as Historic Survey of German Poetry (1828-30).  He translated Buerger’s Lenore, Lessing’s Nathan, and Goethe’s Iphigenia.  He also wrote Tales of Yore (1810) and English Synonyms Described (1813).

TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM (1628-1699).—­Statesman and essayist, s. of Sir John T., Master of the Rolls in Ireland, was b. in London, and ed. at Camb.  He travelled on the Continent, was for some time a member of the Irish Parliament, employed on various diplomatic missions, and negotiated the marriage of the Prince of Orange and the Princess Mary.  On his return he was much consulted by Charles II., but disapproving of the courses adopted, retired to his house at Sheen, which he afterwards left and purchased Moor Park, where Swift was for a time his sec.  He took no part in the Revolution,